6: Theorising punishment and the pains of imprisonment

Author:
Rachel Vipond
Publication Date:
25 Apr 2023
Pages:
75–94
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51952/9781447365440.ch006
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This chapter introduces how the experience of being in prison can be seen when looking at broader philosophies of punishment. It explores the four main theories behind the use of prison as a punishment: incapacitation, deterrence, just deserts and rehabilitation. Examples of various legislation are introduced to show how governments have, over time, moved through all these different philosophies of punishment, often leaving the prison system in a state of constant reforms with very little time to embed them into practice. It is argued that political thinking shapes the policy designed to inform how we treat people in prison, with various reforms often being put forward to satisfy the media and public outcry rather than being evidence based. For instance, the indeterminate sentence of imprisonment for public protection (IPP) was introduced by New Labour as a mechanism to deal with ‘dangerous offenders’ using a risk-based approach to punishment yet resulted in a big increase in the prison population and the subsequent overwhelming of the Parole Board and Probation Service. The chapter also focuses on the ‘pains of imprisonment’ and how violence, self-harm and self-inflicted deaths are sadly all features of prison life.

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