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The basic idea of children’s protagonism (protagonismo infantil), which emerged in Latin America in the 1970s, is that children are social subjects. They claim to play an active role in society and to be able to meaningfully influence the decisions that affect their lives. This is understood both as a right and an opportunity that children should have, and as a practice they already live. The emphasis is not on individual action, but on collective and organized action of the children themselves. After introducing the basic ideas of the concept, the chapter reviews its history and reflects on the risks, misunderstandings and reinterpretations associated with protagonism. Finally, the main challenges for its reconceptualization are presented. Also, the question is raised to what extent the concept of protagonism can serve as an orientation in education and social work.
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