10: Complexity-congruent research: methods and methodology

Publication Date:
28 Mar 2025
Pages:
178–198
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51952/9781447370864.ch010
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This chapter critiques the growing trend of ‘restricted complexity’ approaches in empirical research that claim to be complexity informed but lack the capacity to facilitate social transformation. It argues that such methods are insufficient for grappling with the interwoven polycrisis confronting global socio-ecological systems. Instead, the chapter advocates for ‘complexity-congruent’ research designs that embrace ‘complexity signature traits’ that focus on time/trajectories, case-based analysis, multi-level scaling, participatory elements, recognition of human agency and an understanding of complex causality and equifinality. The chapter outlines a three-pronged methodological approach that (1) uses complexity-congruent designs, (2) identifies time–space leverage points for intervention and (3) constructs scenarios of ‘boundary objects’ at these leverage points. Emphasising the role of narratives, interpretation and a hermeneutic sensibility, the chapter proposes treating computational models as ‘justified stories’ that complement qualitative approaches within an overarching action research framework. In turn, the chapter ultimately rejects positivist and reductionist modes and calls for a shift towards a participatory, case-based, scenario-driven praxis that recognises the constitutive power of research in shaping socio-ecological trajectories. Finally, the chapter calls for a complexity-informed pedagogy that equips researchers with the tools and mindset necessary for transformative social action in the face of polycrisis.

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