Center for Court Innovation (2019) A National Portrait of Restorative Approaches to Intimate Partner Violence: Pathways to Safety, Accountability, Healing, and Well-Being. Available from: https://www.innovatingjustice.org/sites/default/files/media/document/2019/Report_IPV_12032019.pdf

Center for Court Innovation (2019) A National Portrait of Restorative Approaches to Intimate Partner Violence: Pathways to Safety, Accountability, Healing, and Well-Being. Available from: https://www.innovatingjustice.org/sites/default/files/media/document/2019/Report_IPV_12032019.pdf)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Dirks, S. (2022) Criminalization of pregnancy has already been happening to the poor and women of color. NPR. Available from: https://www.npr.org/2022/08/03/1114181472/criminalization-of-pregnancy-has-already-been-happening-to-the-poor-and-women-of

Dirks, S. (2022) Criminalization of pregnancy has already been happening to the poor and women of color. NPR. Available from: https://www.npr.org/2022/08/03/1114181472/criminalization-of-pregnancy-has-already-been-happening-to-the-poor-and-women-of)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Finoh, M. and Sankofa, J. (2019) The legal system has failed black girls, women, and non-binary survivors of violence: Black women, girls, and non-binary people are seldom seen as victims. ACLU. Available from: https://www.aclu.org/news/racial-justice/legal-system-has-failed-black-girls-women-and-non

Finoh, M. and Sankofa, J. (2019) The legal system has failed black girls, women, and non-binary survivors of violence: Black women, girls, and non-binary people are seldom seen as victims. ACLU. Available from: https://www.aclu.org/news/racial-justice/legal-system-has-failed-black-girls-women-and-non)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Harp, K. L. H. and Bunting, A. M. (2020) The racialized nature of child welfare policies and the social control of black bodies. Social Politics, 27(2): 258–81.

Harp, K. L. H. and Bunting, A. M. (2020) The racialized nature of child welfare policies and the social control of black bodies. Social Politics, 27(2): 258–81.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

If/When/How (2016) Women of Color and the Struggle for Reproductive Justice. Available from: https://vawnet.org/sites/default/files/materials/files/2016-08/Women-of-Color-and-the-Struggle-for-RJ-Issue-Brief.pdf

If/When/How (2016) Women of Color and the Struggle for Reproductive Justice. Available from: https://vawnet.org/sites/default/files/materials/files/2016-08/Women-of-Color-and-the-Struggle-for-RJ-Issue-Brief.pdf)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Maye, E. (2021) Black women bear the brunt of criminalized pregnancy and motherhood: here’s why we can’t afford to ignore it. The Root. Available from: https://colorofchange.org/press_release/the-root-op-ed-black-women-bear-the-brunt-of-criminalized-pregnancy-and-motherhood-heres-why-we-cant-afford-to-ignore-it/

Maye, E. (2021) Black women bear the brunt of criminalized pregnancy and motherhood: here’s why we can’t afford to ignore it. The Root. Available from: https://colorofchange.org/press_release/the-root-op-ed-black-women-bear-the-brunt-of-criminalized-pregnancy-and-motherhood-heres-why-we-cant-afford-to-ignore-it/)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Meyerson, C. (2018) For women of color the child welfare system functions like the criminal justice system. The Nation. Available from: https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/for-women-of-color-the-child-welfare-system-functions-like-the-criminal-justice-system/

Meyerson, C. (2018) For women of color the child welfare system functions like the criminal justice system. The Nation. Available from: https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/for-women-of-color-the-child-welfare-system-functions-like-the-criminal-justice-system/)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Rabin, R. C. (2023) Black pregnant women are tested more frequently for drug use, study suggests. New York Times, [online] April 14. Available from: https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/14/health/black-mothers-pregnancy-drug-testing.html

Rabin, R. C. (2023) Black pregnant women are tested more frequently for drug use, study suggests. New York Times, [online] April 14. Available from: https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/14/health/black-mothers-pregnancy-drug-testing.html)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2024) Regulatory initiatives: HIPAA Privacy Rule and reproductive health care. Available from: https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/regulatory-initiatives/index.html#:~:text=On%20April%2012%2C%202023%2C%20OCR,or%20sue%20patients%2C%20providers%20and

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2024) Regulatory initiatives: HIPAA Privacy Rule and reproductive health care. Available from: https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/regulatory-initiatives/index.html#:~:text=On%20April%2012%2C%202023%2C%20OCR,or%20sue%20patients%2C%20providers%20and)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Epp, C. R., Maynard-Moody, S., and Haider-Markel, D. P. (2014) Pulled Over: How Police Stops Define Race and Citizenship. The University of Chicago Press.

Epp, C. R., Maynard-Moody, S., and Haider-Markel, D. P. (2014) Pulled Over: How Police Stops Define Race and Citizenship. The University of Chicago Press.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Harris, D. (2002) Profiles in Injustice: Why Racial Profiling Cannot Work. The New Press.

Harris, D. (2002) Profiles in Injustice: Why Racial Profiling Cannot Work. The New Press.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Harris, K., Hecker, S., Iguina González, C., and Jain, A. (2023) The road to driving equality: a blueprint for cities to reduce traffic stops. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4517462

Harris, K., Hecker, S., Iguina González, C., and Jain, A. (2023) The road to driving equality: a blueprint for cities to reduce traffic stops. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4517462)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Pierson, E., Simoiu, C., Overgoor, J., Corbett-Davies, S., Jenson, D., Shoemaker, A. et al (2020) A large-scale analysis of racial disparities in police stops across the United States. Nature Human Behaviour, 4(7): 736–45.

Pierson, E., Simoiu, C., Overgoor, J., Corbett-Davies, S., Jenson, D., Shoemaker, A. et al (2020) A large-scale analysis of racial disparities in police stops across the United States. Nature Human Behaviour, 4(7): 736–45.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

The Policing Project (n.d.) Pretextual traffic stops. Available from: https://www.policingproject.org/pretextual-traffic

The Policing Project (n.d.) Pretextual traffic stops. Available from: https://www.policingproject.org/pretextual-traffic)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

The Vera Institute of Justice (2021) Investing in Evidence-Based Alternatives to Policing: Non-Police Responses to Traffic Safety. Available from: https://www.vera.org/downloads/publications/alternatives-to-policing-traffic-enforcement-fact-sheet.pdf

The Vera Institute of Justice (2021) Investing in Evidence-Based Alternatives to Policing: Non-Police Responses to Traffic Safety. Available from: https://www.vera.org/downloads/publications/alternatives-to-policing-traffic-enforcement-fact-sheet.pdf)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Weisburd, D. (2017) Proactive policing and crime control. Nature Human Behaviour, 1(10): 707 –8.

Weisburd, D. (2017) Proactive policing and crime control. Nature Human Behaviour, 1(10): 707–8.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Arguelles, P. and Ortiz-Luis, I. (2021) Bars behind bars: digital technology in the prison system. SSRN. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3812046

Arguelles, P. and Ortiz-Luis, I. (2021) Bars behind bars: digital technology in the prison system. SSRN. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3812046)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Charles, P., Poehlmann, J., Kerr, M., Jensen, S., and Pritzl, K. (2023) Supported remote video visits for children with incarcerated parents in the United States. Current Issues in Criminal Justice, 4: 473–93.

Charles, P., Poehlmann, J., Kerr, M., Jensen, S., and Pritzl, K. (2023) Supported remote video visits for children with incarcerated parents in the United States. Current Issues in Criminal Justice, 4: 473–93.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Dallaire, D. H., Shlafer, R. J., Goshin, L. S., Hollihan, A., Poehlmann-Tynan, J., Eddy, J. M., and Adalist-Estrin, A. (2021) COVID-19 and prison policies related to communication with family members. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 27(2): 231–41.

Dallaire, D. H., Shlafer, R. J., Goshin, L. S., Hollihan, A., Poehlmann-Tynan, J., Eddy, J. M., and Adalist-Estrin, A. (2021) COVID-19 and prison policies related to communication with family members. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 27(2): 231–41.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Duwe, G. and McNeeley, S. (2021) Just as good as the real thing? The effects of prison video visitation on recidivism. Crime & Delinquency, 67(4): 475–97.

Duwe, G. and McNeeley, S. (2021) Just as good as the real thing? The effects of prison video visitation on recidivism. Crime & Delinquency, 67(4): 475–97.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Kukorowski, D., Wagner, P., and Sakala, L. (2013) Please deposit all of your money: kickbacks, rates, and hidden fees in the jail phone industry. Prison Policy Initiative. Available from: https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/please-deposit-all-your-money-kickbacks-rates-and-hidden-fees-jail

Kukorowski, D., Wagner, P., and Sakala, L. (2013) Please deposit all of your money: kickbacks, rates, and hidden fees in the jail phone industry. Prison Policy Initiative. Available from: https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/please-deposit-all-your-money-kickbacks-rates-and-hidden-fees-jail)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Murdoch, D. J. and King, L. L. (2020) ‘Not feeling like a caged animal’: prisoner perceptions of a remote video visitation system. Journal of Crime and Justice, 43(2): 212–27.

Murdoch, D. J. and King, L. L. (2020) ‘Not feeling like a caged animal’: prisoner perceptions of a remote video visitation system. Journal of Crime and Justice, 43(2): 212–27.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Shlafer, R. J., Davis, L., Hindt, L., Weymouth, L., Cuthrell, H., Burnson, C., and Poehlmann-Tynan, J. (2020) Fathers in jail and their minor children: paternal characteristics and associations with father-child contact. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29: 791–801.

Shlafer, R. J., Davis, L., Hindt, L., Weymouth, L., Cuthrell, H., Burnson, C., and Poehlmann-Tynan, J. (2020) Fathers in jail and their minor children: paternal characteristics and associations with father-child contact. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29: 791–801.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Turner, J., Rosenblat, M. O., Guruli, N., Flores, C., Desch, S., El Tayeb, K. et al (2022) Captive Labor: Exploitation of Incarcerated Workers. Available from: https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=ghrc

Turner, J., Rosenblat, M. O., Guruli, N., Flores, C., Desch, S., El Tayeb, K. et al (2022) Captive Labor: Exploitation of Incarcerated Workers. Available from: https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=ghrc)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Wessler, M. (2023) SMH: E-Messaging in Prison. Prison Policy Initiative. Available from: https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/emessaging.html

Wessler, M. (2023) SMH: E-Messaging in Prison. Prison Policy Initiative. Available from: https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/emessaging.html)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Wildeman, C., Comfort, M., Enns, P., Goldman, A., Fitzpatrick, M., Lee, H. et al (2018) Every Second: The Impact of the Incarceration Crisis on America’s Families. Available from: https://everysecond.fwd.us/downloads/everysecond.fwd.us.pdf

Wildeman, C., Comfort, M., Enns, P., Goldman, A., Fitzpatrick, M., Lee, H. et al (2018) Every Second: The Impact of the Incarceration Crisis on America’s Families. Available from: https://everysecond.fwd.us/downloads/everysecond.fwd.us.pdf)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Amuedo-Dorantes, C. and Lopez, M. J. (2015) Falling through the cracks? Grade retention and school dropout among children of likely unauthorized immigrants. American Economic Review, 105(5): 598–603.

Amuedo-Dorantes, C. and Lopez, M. J. (2015) Falling through the cracks? Grade retention and school dropout among children of likely unauthorized immigrants. American Economic Review, 105(5): 598–603.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Chaudry, A., Capps, R., Pedroza, J. M., Castaneda, R. M., Santos, R., and Scott, M. M. (2010) Facing our future: children in the aftermath of immigration enforcement. Urban Institute (NJ1). Available from: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED508226

Chaudry, A., Capps, R., Pedroza, J. M., Castaneda, R. M., Santos, R., and Scott, M. M. (2010) Facing our future: children in the aftermath of immigration enforcement. Urban Institute (NJ1). Available from: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED508226)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Cruz Nichols, V., LeBrón, A. M., and Pedraza, F. I. (2018) Spillover effects: immigrant policing and government skepticism in matters of health for Latinos. Public Administration Review, 78(3): 432–43.

Cruz Nichols, V., LeBrón, A. M., and Pedraza, F. I. (2018) Spillover effects: immigrant policing and government skepticism in matters of health for Latinos. Public Administration Review, 78(3): 432–43.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Dreby, J. (2012) The burden of deportation on children in Mexican immigrant families. Journal of Marriage and Family, 74(4): 829–45.

Dreby, J. (2012) The burden of deportation on children in Mexican immigrant families. Journal of Marriage and Family, 74(4): 829–45.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Golash-Boza, T. (2019) Punishment beyond the deportee: the collateral consequences of deportation. American Behavioral Scientist, 63(9): 1331–49.

Golash-Boza, T. (2019) Punishment beyond the deportee: the collateral consequences of deportation. American Behavioral Scientist, 63(9): 1331–49.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Gonzalez, G. and Patler, C. (2021) The educational consequences of parental immigration detention. Sociological Perspectives, 64(2): 301–20.

Gonzalez, G. and Patler, C. (2021) The educational consequences of parental immigration detention. Sociological Perspectives, 64(2): 301–20.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Gulbas, L. E., Zayas, L. H., Yoon, H., Szlyk, H., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., and Natera, G. (2016) Deportation experiences and depression among US citizen-children with undocumented Mexican parents. Child: Care, Health and Development, 42(2): 220–30.

Gulbas, L. E., Zayas, L. H., Yoon, H., Szlyk, H., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., and Natera, G. (2016) Deportation experiences and depression among US citizen-children with undocumented Mexican parents. Child: Care, Health and Development, 42(2): 220–30.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Patler, C. and Gonzalez, G. (2021) Compounded vulnerability: the consequences of immigration detention for institutional attachment and system avoidance in mixed-immigration-status families. Social Problems, 68(4): 886–902.

Patler, C. and Gonzalez, G. (2021) Compounded vulnerability: the consequences of immigration detention for institutional attachment and system avoidance in mixed-immigration-status families. Social Problems, 68(4): 886–902.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Rojas-Flores, L., Clements, M. L., Hwang Koo, J., and London, J. (2017) Trauma and psychological distress in Latino citizen children following parental detention and deportation. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 9(3): 352.

Rojas-Flores, L., Clements, M. L., Hwang Koo, J., and London, J. (2017) Trauma and psychological distress in Latino citizen children following parental detention and deportation. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 9(3): 352.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Vargas, E. D., Juárez, M., Sanchez, G. R., and Livaudais, M. (2019) Latinos’ connections to immigrants: how knowing a deportee impacts Latino health. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45(15): 2971–88.

Vargas, E. D., Juárez, M., Sanchez, G. R., and Livaudais, M. (2019) Latinos’ connections to immigrants: how knowing a deportee impacts Latino health. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45(15): 2971–88.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Best, J. (2012) Damned Lies and Statistics: Untangling Numbers from The Media, Politicians, and Activists. University of California Press.

Best, J. (2012) Damned Lies and Statistics: Untangling Numbers from The Media, Politicians, and Activists. University of California Press.)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Bogert, C. and Hancock, L. (2020) Analysis: How the media created a ‘superpredator’ myth that harmed a generation of Black youth. NBC News, [online] November 20. Available from: https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/analysis-how-media-created-superpredator-myth-harmed-generation-black-youth-n1248101

Bogert, C. and Hancock, L. (2020) Analysis: How the media created a ‘superpredator’ myth that harmed a generation of Black youth. NBC News, [online] November 20. Available from: https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/analysis-how-media-created-superpredator-myth-harmed-generation-black-youth-n1248101)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Dorfman, L. and Schiraldi, V. (2001) Off Balance: Youth, Race, & Crime in The News. Youth Law Center. Available from: https://www.bmsg.org/wp-content/uploads/2001/04/bmsg_other_publication_off_balance.pdf

Dorfman, L. and Schiraldi, V. (2001) Off Balance: Youth, Race, & Crime in The News. Youth Law Center. Available from: https://www.bmsg.org/wp-content/uploads/2001/04/bmsg_other_publication_off_balance.pdf)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Ghandnoosh, N. (2022) Media Guide: 10 Crime Coverage Dos and Don’ts. The Sentencing Project. Available from: https://www.sentencingproject.org/app/uploads/2022/08/10-Crime-Coverage-Dos-and-Donts.pdf

Ghandnoosh, N. (2022) Media Guide: 10 Crime Coverage Dos and Don’ts. The Sentencing Project. Available from: https://www.sentencingproject.org/app/uploads/2022/08/10-Crime-Coverage-Dos-and-Donts.pdf)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

McBride, K. (2023) Local newsrooms want to stop sensationalizing crime, but it’s hard. Pynter. Available from: https://www.poynter.org/ethics-trust/2023/journalists-if-it-bleeds-it-leads-accountability-reporting/#:~:text=The%20first%20step%20is%20to,to%20the%20modest%20traffic%20spikes

McBride, K. (2023) Local newsrooms want to stop sensationalizing crime, but it’s hard. Pynter. Available from: https://www.poynter.org/ethics-trust/2023/journalists-if-it-bleeds-it-leads-accountability-reporting/#:~:text=The%20first%20step%20is%20to,to%20the%20modest%20traffic%20spikes)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Otero, V. (2023) The Media Bias Chart, Version 11.0. Available from: https://adfontesmedia.com/interactive-media-bias-chart/?utm_source=LI_VO81523

Otero, V. (2023) The Media Bias Chart, Version 11.0. Available from: https://adfontesmedia.com/interactive-media-bias-chart/?utm_source=LI_VO81523)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Shaw, M. (2017) Photos reveal media’s softer tone on opioid crisis. Columbia Journalism Review. Available from: https://www.cjr.org/criticism/opioid-crisis-photos.php?link

Shaw, M. (2017) Photos reveal media’s softer tone on opioid crisis. Columbia Journalism Review. Available from: https://www.cjr.org/criticism/opioid-crisis-photos.php?link)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation

Stone-Mediatore, S. (n.d.) Tough questions for tough-on-crime policies. Ohio Wesleyan University. Available from: https://www.owu.edu/news-media/from-our-perspective/tough-questions-for-tough-on-crime-policies/

Stone-Mediatore, S. (n.d.) Tough questions for tough-on-crime policies. Ohio Wesleyan University. Available from: https://www.owu.edu/news-media/from-our-perspective/tough-questions-for-tough-on-crime-policies/)| false
• Search Google Scholar
• Export Citation