10: Raising the Level of Private Housing Construction

Authors:
Geoffrey Meen
and
Christine Whitehead
Publication Date:
08 Jul 2020
Pages:
157–174
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51952/9781529211887.ch010
Restricted access
Rights and permissions Cite this chapter
Buy article/chapter (GBP  £20.00)

Chapter 10 returns to the question of increasing private housing construction. In addition to the restrictions on construction arising from land use planning policies, other constraints arise from the behavioural responses and incentives structures facing local authorities, builders and landowners. Output is, therefore, influenced by the structure of the housebuilding industry, notably the business model of larger speculative builders; the skills base and productivity; and the extent to which demand is there to maintain increased output levels. The chapter then discusses possible models for speeding up development, including off-plan sales by private developers; greater diversity of housing types and tenures; and the increasing incentives to housing associations to develop market housing. In addition, the chapter considers attempts to limit the negative impacts of planning controls through permitted development and planning in principle as well as the core role of planning obligations in providing affordable housing and local infrastructure.

  • Aalbers, M. (2016) The Financialization of Housing: A Political Economy Approach. Routledge Studies in the Modern World Economy, London: Routledge.

  • Aalbers, M. (2017) ‘The variegated financialization of housing’, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 41(4): 542–554.

  • Adam, S., Hodge, L., Phillips, D. and Xu, X (2020) Revaluation and Reform: Bringing Council Tax in England into the 21st Century, London: Institute for Fiscal Studies.

  • Adams, Z. and Füss, R. (2010) ‘Macroeconomic determinants of international housing markets’, Journal of Housing Economics, 19(1): 38–50.

  • Affordable Housing Commission (2019) Defining and Measuring Housing Affordability – An Alternative Approach, https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5b9675fc1137a618f278542d/t/5cf55923f41ae70001170311/1559583017920/Defining+and+measuring+housing+affordability.pdf [accessed 19 November 2019].

  • Agnello, L. and Schuknecht, L. (2011) ‘Booms and busts in housing markets: Determinants and implications’, Journal of Housing Economics, 20(3): 171–190.

  • Akerlof, G. and Shiller, R. (2009) Animal Spirits: How Human Psychology Drives the Economy, and Why it Matters for Global Capitalism, Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press.

  • Allen, J., Barlow, J., Leal, J., Maloutas, T. and Padovani, L. (2004) Housing and Welfare in Southern Europe, Oxford: Wiley.

  • Ambrose, B. and Peek, J. (2008) ‘Credit Availability and the Structure of the Homebuilding Industry’, Real Estate Economics, 36(4): 659–692.

  • Andrew, M. (2010) ‘The changing route to owner occupation: The impact of student debt’, Housing Studies, 25(1): 39–62.

  • Andrew, M. (2012) ‘The changing route to owner occupation: The impact of borrowing constraints on young adult home ownership transitions in Britain in the 1990s’, Urban Studies, 49(8): 1659–1678.

  • Andrew, M. and Meen, G. (2003) ‘Housing transactions and the changing decisions of young households in Britain: The microeconomic evidence’, Real Estate Economics, 31(1): 117–138.

  • Andrew, M., Haurin, D. and Munasib, A. (2006) ‘Explaining the route to owner occupation: A transatlantic comparison’, Journal of Housing Economics, 15(3): 189–216.

  • Andrews, D. and Sánchez, A. (2011) ‘The evolution of home ownership rates in selected OECD countries: Demographic and public policy influences’, OECD Journal: Economic Studies, 2011: 207–243.

  • Anundsen, A. and Heebøll, C. (2016) ‘Supply restrictions, subprime lending and regional US house prices’, Journal of Housing Economics, 31: 54–72.

  • Anundsen, A. and Jansen, E. (2013) ‘Self-reinforcing effects between house prices and credit’, Journal of Housing Economics, 22(3): 192–212.

  • Aoki, K., Proudman, J. and Vlieghe, G. (2002) ‘House Prices, Consumption and Monetary Policy: A Financial Accelerator Approach’, Bank of England Working Paper No. 169. London.

  • Arthur, W., Holland, J., LeBaron, B., Palmer, R. and Tayler, P. (1997) ‘Asset pricing under endogenous expectations in an artificial stock market’, in W. Arthur, S. Durlauf and D. Lane (eds.), The Economy as an Evolving Complex System (pp 15–44), Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

  • Attanasio, O. and Weber, G. (1994) ‘The UK consumption boom of the late 1980s: Aggregate implications of microeconomic evidence’, Economic Journal, 104(427): 1269–1302.

  • Attanasio, O., Blow, L., Hamilton, R. and Leicester, A. (2009) ‘Booms and busts: Consumption, house prices and expectations’, Economica, 76(301): 20–50.

  • Bailey, R., Hatton, T. and Inwood, K. (2016) ‘Health, height and the household at the turn of the 20th Century’, Economic History Review, 69(1): 35–53.

  • Balcilar, M., Beyene, A., Gupta, R. and Seleteng, M. (2013) ‘Ripple’ effects in South African house prices’, Urban Studies, 50(5): 876–894.

  • Ball, M. (2003) ‘Markets and the structure of the housebuilding industry: An international perspective’, Urban Studies, 40(5–6): 897–916.

  • Ball, M. (2010) The Housebuilding Industry: Promoting Recovery in Housing Supply, London: Department of Communities and Local Government.

  • Ball, M. (2011) ‘Planning delay and the responsiveness of English housing supply’, Urban Studies, 48: 349–362.

  • Ball, M., Allmendinger, P. and Hughes, C. (2009) ‘Housing supply and planning delay in the South of England’, Journal of European Real Estate Research, 2: 151–169.

  • Ball, M., Meen, G. and Nygaard, C. (2010) ‘Housing supply price elasticities revisited: Evidence from international, national, local and company data’, Journal of Housing Economics, 19: 255–268.

  • Barker, K. (2003) Review of Housing Supply: Securing Our Future Housing Needs, Interim Report – Analysis, London: HM Treasury.

  • Barker, K. (2004) Review of Housing Supply: Delivering Stability: Securing Our Future Housing Needs, Final Report, London: HM Treasury.

  • Barker, K. (2006) Barker Review of Land Use Planning, London: HM Treasury.

  • Barlow Commission (1940) Report of the Royal Commission on the Distribution of the Industrial Population, Cmd 6153, London: HMSO.

  • Barros, C., Gil-Alana, L. and Payne, J. (2012) ‘Comovements among U.S. state housing prices: Evidence from fractional cointegration’, Economic Modelling, 29(3): 936–942.

  • Barton, C. and Wilson, W. (2019) What Is Affordable Housing?, Commons Briefing Paper 07747, House of Commons Library, London: Parliament.

  • Baum-Snow, N. and Marion, J. (2009) ‘The effects of low income housing tax credit developments on neighborhoods’, Journal of Public Economics, 93(5–6): 654–666.

  • Beckerman, W. (1965) The British Economy in 1975, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

  • Been, V., Gould Ellen, I. and O’Regan, K. (2019) ‘Supply skepticism: Housing supply and affordability’, Housing Policy Debate, 29(1): 25–40.

  • Benetton, M., Bracke, P., Cocco, J. and Garbarino, N. (2019) ‘Housing consumption and investment: Evidence from shared equity mortgages’, Bank of England Staff Working Paper No. 790. London.

  • Benito, A., Thompson, J., Waldron, M. and Wood, R. (2006) ‘House prices and consumer spending’, Bank of England Quarterly Bulletin, Summer: 142–154.

  • Ben-Shahar, D. and Warszawski, J. (2016) ‘Inequality in housing affordability: Measurement and estimation’, Urban Studies, 53(6): 1178–1202.

  • Bérard, G. and Trannoy, A. (2017) ‘The impact of a rise in the real estate transfer taxes on the French housing market’, AMSE Working Paper No. 1732. Aix, France: Aix-Marseille School of Economics.

  • Berg, L. (2002) ‘Prices on the second-hand market for Swedish family houses: Correlation, causation and determinants’, International Journal of Housing Policy, 2(1): 1–24.

  • Bernanke, B. and Gertler, M. (1989) ‘Agency costs, net worth, and business fluctuations’, American Economic Review, 79(1): 14–31.

  • Berry, M. (2014) ‘Neoliberalism and the city: Or the failure of market fundamentalism’, Housing, Theory and Society, 31(1): 1–18.

  • Besley, T., Meads, N. and Surico, P. (2014) ‘The incidence of transactions taxes: evidence from a stamp duty holiday’, Journal of Public Economics, 119: 61–70.

  • Best, M. and Kleven, H. (2018) ‘Housing market responses to transaction taxes: Evidence from notches and stimulus in the UK’, The Review of Economic Studies, 85(1): 157–193.

  • Beveridge, W. (1942) Social Insurance and Allied Services, Cmd 6404, London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.

  • Black, J., DeMeza, D. and Jeffreys, D. (1996) ‘House prices, the supply of collateral and the enterprise economy’, Economic Journal, 106(434): 60–75.

  • Blackley, D. (1999) ‘The long-run elasticity of new housing supply in the United States: Empirical evidence for 1950 to 1994’, Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 18(1): 25–42.

  • Blanco, F., Martín, V. and Vazquez, G. (2016) ‘Regional house price convergence in Spain during the housing boom’, Urban Studies, 53(4): 775–798.

  • Boddy, M. and Gray, F. (1979) ‘Filtering theory, housing policy and the legitimation of inequality’, Policy & Politics, 7(1): 39–54.

  • Bogdon, A. and Can, A. (1997) ‘Indicators of local housing affordability: Comparative and spatial approaches’, Real Estate Economics, 25(1): 43–80.

  • Böheim, R. and Taylor, M. (2000) ‘My home was my castle: Evictions and repossessions in Britain’, Journal of Housing Economics, 9(4): 287–319

  • Böheim, R. and Taylor, M. (2002) ‘Tied down or time to move? Investigating the relationships between housing tenure, employment status and residential mobility in Britain’, Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 49(4): 369–392.

  • Booth, P and Crook, T. (1986) Low Cost Home Ownership, Aldershot: Gower Publishing Company.

  • Borg, I. and Brandén, M. (2018) ‘Do high levels of home ownership create unemployment? Introducing the missing link between housing tenure and unemployment’, Housing Studies, 33(4): 501–524.

  • Borrowman, L., Kazakevitch, G. and Frost, L. (2017) ‘How long do households remain in housing affordability stress?’, Housing Studies, 32(7): 869–886.

  • Bosker, M., Brakman, S., Garretsen, H. and Schramm, M. (2007) ‘Looking for multiple equilibria when geography matters: German city growth and the WWII shock’, Journal of Urban Economics, 61(1): 152–169.

  • Bourassa, S. (1996) ‘Measuring the affordability of homeownership’, Urban Studies, 33(10): 1867–1877.

  • Bourassa, S., Haurin, D., Haurin, J. and Hendershott, P. (1994) ‘Independent living and home ownership: An analysis of Australian youth’, Australian Economic Review, 27(3): 29–44.

  • Bover, O., Muellbauer, J. and Murphy, A. (1989) ‘Housing, wages and UK labour markets’, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 51(2): 97–136.

  • Bramley, G. (1993) ‘The impact of land use planning and tax subsidies on the supply and price of housing in Britain’, Urban Studies, 30(1): 5–30.

  • Bramley, G. (1993a) ‘Land use planning and the housing market in Britain: The impact on housebuilding and house prices’, Environment and Planning A, 25(7): 1021–1051.

  • Bramley, G. (1994) ‘An affordability crisis in Britain: Dimensions, causes and policy impact’, Housing Studies, 9(1): 103–124.

  • Bramley, G. (1998) ‘Measuring planning: Indicators of planning restraint and its impact on the housing market’, Environment and Planning B, 25(1): 31–57.

  • Bramley, G. (1999) ‘Housing market adjustment and land-supply constraints’, Environment and Planning A, 21: 1169–1188.

  • Bramley, G. (2002) ‘Planning regulation and housing supply in a market system’, in A. O’Sullivan and K. Gibb (eds.), Housing Economics and Public Policy, Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

  • Bramley, G. (2012) ‘Affordability, poverty and housing need: Triangulating measures and standards’, Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 27(2): 133–151.

  • Bramley, G. (2018) Housing Supply Requirements across Great Britain, London: National Housing Federation and Crisis.

  • Bramley, G. and Karley, N. (2005) ‘How much extra affordable housing is needed in England?’ Housing Studies, 20(5): 685–715.

  • Bramley, G. and Leishman, C. (2005) ‘Planning and housing supply in two-speed Britain: Modelling local market outcomes’, Urban Studies, 42(12): 2213–2244.

  • Bramley, G., Munro, M. and Lancaster, S. (1997) The Economic Determinants of Household Formation: A Literature Review, London: Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions.

  • Bramley, G., Fitzpatrick, S., Karley, K., Monk, S. and Pleace, N. (2005) Evaluation of English Housing Policy, 1975–2000, Theme 1 Supply, Need and Access, London: Office of the Deputy Prime Minister.

  • Bramley, G., Pawson, H., White, M., Watkins, D. and Pleace, N. (2010) Estimating Housing Need, London: Department of Communities and Local Government.

  • British Property Federation (2017) Build to Rent: Unlocking the Potential of an Emerging Property Market, London: British Property Federation.

  • Buiter, W. (2008) ‘Housing Wealth Isn’t Wealth’, CEPR Discussion Paper DP6920. London: CEPR.

  • Burge, G. and Ihlanfeldt, K. (2006) ‘Impact fees and single-family home construction’, Journal of Urban Economics, 60: 284–306.

  • Burge, G. and Ihlanfeldt, K. (2006a) ‘The effects of impact fees on multifamily housing construction’, Journal of Regional Science, 46(1): 5–23.

  • Burgess, G. (2014) The Nature of Planning Constraints, Cambridge: Cambridge Centre for Housing and Planning Research, University of Cambridge.

  • Burke, T., Stone, M. and Ralston, L. (2011) The Residual Income Method: A New Lens on Housing Affordability and Market Behaviour, AHURI Final Report No. 176, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

  • Burrows, R. (1998) ‘Mortgage indebtedness in England: An epidemiology’, Housing Studies, 13(1): 5–22.

  • Burrows, R. and Ford, J. (1997) ‘Who needs a safety net? The social distribution of mortgage arrears in England’, Housing Finance, 34: 17–24.

  • Calavita, N. and Mallach, A. (2010) Inclusionary Zoning in an International Perspective, Cambridge, MA: Lincoln Institute.

  • Caldera, A. and Johansson, A. (2013) ‘The price responsiveness of housing supply in OECD countries’, Journal of Housing Economics, 22(3): 231–249.

  • Cambridge Centre of Housing and Planning Research (CCHPR) (2001–2010 annually) Guide to Local Rents, www.cchpr.landecon.cam.ac.uk/Research/Start-Year/2001/Guide-to-Local-Rents/2010 [accessed 22 December 2019].

  • Cameron, G. and Muellbauer, J. (1998) ‘The housing market and regional commuting and migration choices’, Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 45(4): 420–446.

  • Cameron, G. and Muellbauer, J. (2001), ‘Earnings, unemployment, and housing in Britain’, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16: 203–220.

  • Cammarota, M. (1989) ‘The impact of unseasonable weather on housing starts’, Journal of the American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, 17(3): 300–313.

  • Campaign for the Protection of Rural England (2018) The State of the Green Belt, London: CPRE.

  • Campaign for the Protection of Rural England (2019) The State of Brownfield, London: CPRE.

  • Campbell, J. and Cocco, J. (2007) ‘How do house prices affect consumption? Evidence from micro data’, Journal of Monetary Economics, 54(3): 591–621.

  • Can, A. and Megbolugbe, I. (1997) ‘Spatial dependence and house price index construction’, Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 14(1,2): 203–222.

  • Case, K. and Shiller, R. (1996) ‘Mortgage default risk and real estate prices: The use of index-based futures and options in real estate’, Journal of Housing Research, 7(2): 243–258.

  • Case, K., Quigley, J. and Shiller, R. (2005) ‘Comparing wealth effects: The stock market versus the housing market’, The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, 5(1): Article 1.

  • Cerutti, E., Dagher, J. and Dell’Ariccia, G. (2017) ‘Housing finance and real estate booms: A cross country perspective’, Journal of Housing Economics, 38: 1–13.

  • Chadwick, E. (1842) Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Population, Report to Her Majesty’s Principal Secretary of State for the Home Office from the Poor Law Commissioners, London: House of Commons Sessional Paper.

  • ChamberlainWalker(2017) The Role of Land Pipelines in the UK Housebuilding Process, ChamberlainWalker Economics Ltd.

  • Chaplin, R. and Freeman, A. (1999) ‘Towards an accurate description of affordability’, Urban Studies, 36(11): 1949–57.

  • Cheshire, P. (2009) Urban Land Markets and Policy Failures. Land Use Futures, Discussion Papers, Foresight, London: Department for Business Innovation and Skills.

  • Cheshire, P. and Buyuklieva, B. (2019) Homes on the Right Tracks, London: Centre for Cities.

  • Cheshire, P. and Sheppard, S. (1995) ‘On the price of land and the value of amenities’, Economica, 62(246): 247–267.

  • Cheshire, P. and Sheppard, S. (1998) ‘Estimating the demand for housing, land and neighbourhood characteristics’, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 60(3): 357–382.

  • Cheshire, P. and Sheppard, S. (2002) ‘The welfare effects of land use planning’, Journal of Urban Economics, 52(2): 242–269.

  • Cheshire, P. and Sheppard, S. (2004a) ‘Capitalising the value of free schools: The impact of supply characteristics and uncertainty’, Economic Journal, 114(499): 397–424.

  • Cheshire, P. and Sheppard, S. (2004b) ‘Land markets and land market regulation: Progress towards understanding’, Regional Science and Urban Economics, 34(6): 619–637.

  • Cheshire, P. and Sheppard, S. (2005) ‘The introduction of price signals into land use planning decision-making’, Urban Studies, 42(4): 647–663.

  • Cheshire, P., Nathan, M. and Overman, H. (2014) Urban Economics and Urban Policy: Challenging Conventional Policy Wisdom, Massachusetts: Edward Elgar.

  • Chevin, D. (2008) Moving Up a Gear, London: Smith Institute.

  • Chowdhury, R. and Maclennan, D. (2014) ‘Regional house price cycles in the UK, 1978–2012: A Markov switching VAR’, Journal of European Real Estate Research, 7(3): 345–366.

  • Clark, S. and Coggin, T. (2009) ‘Trends, cycles and convergence in US regional house prices’, Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 39(3): 264–283.

  • Clifford, B., Ferm, J., Livingstone, N. and Canelas, P. (2018) Assessing the Impacts of Extending Permitted Development Rights to Office-to-Residential Change of Use in England, London: RICS.

  • Cohen, J., Ioannides, Y. and Thanapisitikul, W. (2016) ‘Spatial Effects and House Price Dynamics in the USA’, Journal of Housing Economics, 31: 1–13.

  • Cohen, T., Lindblad, M. and Paik, J. (2009) ‘Renting to owning: An exploration of the theory of planned behavior in the homeownership domain’, Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 31(4): 376–389.

  • Coopers and Lybrand (1985) Land Use Planning and the Housing Market; Summary Report, London: Department of Environment.

  • Coopers and Lybrand (1987) Land Use Planning and Indicators of Housing Demand, London: Coopers and Lybrand.

  • Costello, G. (2006) ‘The impact of stamp duty reductions on demand in the Perth housing market’, Pacific Rim Property Research Journal, 12(2): 198–212.

  • Coulson, N. and Richard, C. (1996) ‘The dynamic impact of unseasonable weather on construction activity’, Real Estate Economics, 24(2): 179–194.

  • Crook, A., Henneberry, J. and Whitehead, C. (2016) Planning Gain: Providing Infrastructure and Affordable Housing, Oxford: Wiley Blackwell.

  • Crook, A. andWhitehead, C. (2019) ‘Capturing development values: Why is it so difficult?’ Town Planning Review, 90(4): 359–381.

  • Crosby, N. and Wyatt, P. (2016) ‘Financial viability appraisals for site-specific planning decisions in England’, Environment and Planning C, 34(8): 1716–1733.

  • Cuestas, J. (2017) ‘House prices and capital inflows in Spain during the boom: Evidence from a cointegrated VAR and a structural Bayesian VAR’, Journal of Housing Economics, 37: 22–28.

  • Cullingworth J. (1960) Housing Needs and Planning Policy, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

  • Cunningham, C. (2006) ‘House price uncertainty, timing of development, and vacant land prices: Evidence for real options in Seattle’, Journal of Urban Economics, 59(1): 1–31.

  • Dachis, B., Duranton, G. and Turner, M. (2012) ‘The effects of land transfer taxes on real estate markets: Evidence from a natural experiment in Toronto’, Journal of Economic Geography, 12(2): 327–354.

  • Dalton, T. (2009) ‘Housing policy retrenchment: Australia and Canada compared’, Urban Studies, 46(1): 63–92.

  • Damen, S., Vastmans, F. and Buyst, E. (2016) ‘The effects of mortgage interest deduction and mortgage characteristics on house prices’, Journal of Housing Economics, 34: 15–29.

  • Davies, B., Turner, E., Marquardt, S. and Snelling, C. (2016) German Model Homes, London: Institute for Public Policy Research.

  • Davis, D. and Weinstein, D. (2002) ‘Bones, bombs, and break points: The geography of economic activity’, American Economic Review, 92(5): 1269–1289.

  • Deloitte (2018) European Construction Monitor, 2017–2018,https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/pl/Documents/Reports/pl_European_Construction_Monitor_2017-2018.PDF [accessed 29 December 2019].

  • De Magalhães, C., Freire-Trigo, S., Gallent, N., Scanlon, K. and Whitehead, C. (2018) Planning Risk and Development, Research Report, London: RTPI.

  • DeMeza, D. and Webb, D. (1999) ‘Wealth, enterprise and credit policy’, Economic Journal, 109(455): 153–163.

  • Department of Communities and Local Government (2012) Accelerating the Release of Surplus Public Sector Land, London: DCLG.

  • Department of Communities and Local Government (2016) 2014-Based Household Projections in England, 2014 to 2039, London: DCLG.

  • Department of Communities and Local Government (2017) Fixing Our Broken Housing Market. Cm 9352, www.gov.uk/government/publications/fixing-our-broken-housing-market [accessed 3 December 2019].

  • Department for Economic Affairs (1965) The National Plan for Economic Development, (PREM 13/274), London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.

  • Department of the Environment (1971) Fair Deal for Housing, Cmnd 4728, London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.

  • Department of the Environment (1977) Housing Policy Review, Cmnd 6851, London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.

  • Department of the Environment (1977a) Housing Policy Technical Volume Parts I, II and III, Cmnd 6851. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.

  • Department of the Environment (1982) English House Condition Survey, 1981 Part 1, London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.

  • Department of the Environment (1995) Evaluating Large Scale Voluntary Transfers of Local Authority Housing (Housing Research Report), London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.

  • Department of Work and Pensions (2019) Housing Costs and Universal Credit, www.gov.uk/housing-and-universal-credit [accessed 11 December 2019].

  • Deutsche Bank (2017) Germany Monitor: Bundestag Elections 2017. Housing Policy in Germany: Changing Direction, www.dbresearch.com/PROD/RPS_EN-PROD/PROD97815292118870000450490/Housing_policy_in_Germany_percentC2percent96_Changing_direction.PDF [accessed 14 December 2019].

  • Dietz, R. and Haurin, D. (2003) ‘The social and private micro-level consequences of home ownership’, Journal of Urban Economics, 54(3): 401–450.

  • Dincecco, M. and Onorato, M. (2016) ‘Military conflict and the economic rise of urban Europe’, Journal of Economic Growth, 21(3): 259–282.

  • DiNapoli, T. (2019) Housing Affordability in New York State, New York: Office of the New York State Controller.

  • Duca, J., Muellbauer, J. and Murphy, A. (2011) ‘House prices and credit constraints: Making sense of the US experience’, Economic Journal, 121(552): 533–551.

  • Duca, J., Muellbauer, J. and Murphy, A. (2016) ‘How mortgage finance reform could affect housing’, American Economic Review, 106(5): 620–624.

  • Eccleston, R., Verdouw, J., Flanagan, K., Warren, N., Duncan, A., Ong, R., Whelan, S. and Atalay, K. (2018) Pathways to Housing Tax Reform, AHURI Final Report No. 301, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

  • Eichholtz, P. (1997) ‘A long run house price index: The Herengracht Index, 1628–1973’, Real Estate Economics, 25(2): 175–192.

  • Eichholtz, P., Straetmans, S. and Theebe, M. (2012) ‘The Amsterdam rent index: The housing market and the economy, 1550–1850’, Journal of Housing Economics, 21(4): 269–282.

  • Ellis, H. (2017) The Rise and Fall of the 1947 Planning System, London: TCPA.

  • Ellis, K., and Whitehead, C. (2015) Affordability: A Step Forward, Establishing Principles for Rent Setting, London: Affinity Sutton.

  • Elsinga, M. and Hoeksta, J. (2005) ‘Home ownership and housing satisfaction’, Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 20: 401–424.

  • Elsinga, M., Stephens, M. and Knorr-Siedow, T. (2014) ‘The privatisation of social housing: Three different pathways’, in K. Scanlon, C. Whitehead and M. Fernández Arrigoitia (eds.), Social Housing in Europe, Oxford: Wiley Blackwell.

  • Ermisch, J. (1999) ‘Prices, parents and young people’s household formation’, Journal of Urban Economics, 45(1): 47–71.

  • European Mortgage Federation (2019) Hypostat 2019, Brussels: EMF.

  • Evans, A. (1987) House Prices in the South East – A Review, London: The Housebuilders Federation.

  • Evans, A. (2004) Economics and Land Use Planning, Oxford: Blackwell.

  • Evans, K. and Keohane, N. (2016) Locked Out: How Property Crowdfunding Could Help the Next Generation of Homeowners, London: Social Market Foundation.

  • Farmer, M. (2016) The Farmer Review of the UK Construction Labour Model, London: Construction Leadership Council.

  • FEANSTA (2018) The Third Overview of Housing Exclusion in Europe 2018.www.feantsa.org/download/full-report-en1029873431323901915.pdf. [accessed 23 December 2019].

  • Fereidouni, H., Al-Mulali, U., Lee, J. and Mohammed, A. (2016) ‘Dynamic relationship between house prices in Malaysia’s major economic regions and Singapore house prices’, Regional Studies, 50(4): 657–670.

  • Fergus, J. (1999) ‘Where, when, and by how much does abnormal weather affect housing construction?’, Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 18(1): 63–87.

  • Fingleton, B. (2008) ‘Housing supply, housing demand, and affordability’, Urban Studies, 45(8): 1545–1563.

  • Finlay, S., Ipsos MORI, in partnership with Williams, P., Whitehead, C. and the London School of Economics (2016) Evaluation of Help to Buy Equity Loan Scheme, London: Department of Communities and Local Government.

  • Fishback, P. and Kollman, T. (2012) ‘New multi-city estimates of the changes in home values, 1920–1940’, NBER Working Paper No. 18272.

  • Fisher, E. (1933) ‘Speculation in suburban lands’, American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings, 23(1): 152–162.

  • Fisher, I. (1933) ‘The debt-deflation theory of the Great Depressions’, Econometrica, 1(4): 337–357.

  • Fitzpatrick, S., Pawson, H., Bramley, G., Wood, J., Watts, B., Stephen, M. and Blenkinsopp, J. (2019) The Homelessness Monitor, London: Crisis.

  • Follain, J. (1979) ‘The price elasticity of the long-run supply of new housing construction’, Land Economics, 55(2): 190–199.

  • Foye, C., Clapham, D. and Gabrieli, T. (2018) ‘Home-ownership as a social norm and positional good: Subjective wellbeing evidence from panel data’, Urban Studies, 55(6): 1290–1312.

  • Freeman, A., Holmans, A. and Whitehead, C. (1996) Is the UK Different? International Comparisons of Tenure Patterns, London: Council of Mortgage Lenders.

  • Friedman, M. (1957) A Theory of the Consumption Function, Princeton: Princeton University Press.

  • Friggit, J. (2002) Long Term Home Prices and Residential Property Investment Performance in Paris in the Time of the French Franc, 1840–2001. Conseil Général des Points et Chaussées.

  • Füss, R. and Zietz, J. (2016) ‘The economic drivers of differences in house price inflation rates across MSAs’, Journal of Housing Economics, 31: 35–53.

  • Galster, G. (1997) ‘Comparing demand-side and supply-side policies: Sub market and spatial perspectives’, Housing Studies, 12(4): 561–577.

  • Gan, Q. and Hill, R. (2009) ‘Measuring housing affordability: Looking beyond the median’, Journal of Housing Economics, 18(2): 115–125.

  • Garcia Freitas, F., Whitehead, C. and Santa Rosa, J. (eds) (2015) Finance and Subsidy Policies in Brazil and European Union: A Comparative Analysis, Brasilia: Cities Alliance.

  • Geiger, F., Muellbauer, J. and Rupprecht, M. (2016) ‘The housing market, household portfolios, and the German consumer’, ECB Working Paper 1904, Frankfurt: European Central Bank.

  • Gerald Eve (1991) The Relationship between House Prices and Land Supply, Gerald Eve and the Department of Land Economy, University of Cambridge, London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.

  • Gibb, K. (2016) ‘Housing benefit: Slow on the take-up?’, Contemporary Social Science, 11(1): 40–51.

  • Gibb, K. and Whitehead, C. (2007) ‘Towards the more effective use of housing finance and subsidy’, Housing Studies, 22(2): 183–200.

  • Gibb, K., Meen, G. and Nygaard, C. (2019) ‘Long-run urban dynamics: understanding local housing market change in London’, Housing Studies, 34(2): 338–359.

  • Glaeser, E. and Gyourko, J. (2005) ‘Urban decline and durable housing’, Journal of Political Economy, 113(2): 345–375.

  • Glaeser, E. and Scheinkman, J. (2001) ‘Measuring social interactions’ in Social Dynamics, S. Durlauf and H. P. Young (eds.), Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.

  • Glaeser, E., Gyourko, J. and Saks, R. (2005) ‘Why have housing prices gone up?’, American Economic Review, 95(2): 329–333.

  • Glaeser, E., Gyourko, J. and Saiz, A. (2008) ‘Housing supply and housing bubbles’, Journal of Urban Economics, 64(2): 198–217.

  • Goodman, A. and Thibodeau, T. (2008) ‘Where are the Speculative Bubbles in US Housing Markets?’, Journal of Housing Economics, 17(2): 117–137.

  • Goodman, J. (1987) ‘Housing and the weather’, Journal of the American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, 15(1): 639–663.

  • Goodman, L. and Mayer, C. (2018) ‘Home ownership and the American Dream’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 32(1): 31–58.

  • Gordon, I., Mace, A. and Whitehead, C. (2016) Defining, Measuring and Implementing Density Standards in London: London Plan Density Research Project 1. London: LSE London.

  • Government of France (2017) Housing Strategy, www.gouvernement.fr/en/the-government-s-housing-strategy [accessed 14 December 2019].

  • Greater London Authority (2018) Draft New London Plan, www.london.gov.uk/what-we-do/planning/london-plan/new-london-plan/download-draft-london-plan-0 [accessed 14 December 2019].

  • Greater London Authority (2019) Enquiry in Public for the Draft New London Plan, www.london.gov.uk/what-we-do/planning/london-plan/new-london-plan/examination-public-draft-new-london-plan [accessed 14 December 2019].

  • Green, R. and Hendershott, P. (2001) ‘Home Ownership and Unemployment in the US’, Urban Studies, 38(9): 1509–1520.

  • Green, R. and Wachter, S. (2005) ‘The American mortgage market in historical and international context’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19(4): 93–114.

  • Green, R., Malpezzi, S. and Mayo, S. (2005) ‘Metropolitan-specific Estimates of the Price Elasticity of Supply of Housing, and their Sources’, American Economic Review, 95(2): 334–339.

  • Grey, A., Hepworth, N. and Odling-Smee, J. (1981) Housing, Rents, Costs and Subsidies: A Discussion Document, London: CIPFA.

  • Griggs, J. and Kemp, P. (2012) ‘Housing allowances as income support: Comparing European welfare regimes’, International Journal of Housing Policy, 12(4): 391–412.

  • Grigson, W. (1986) House Prices in Perspective – A Review of South East Evidence, London: SERPLAN.

  • Gupta, R. and Miller, S. (2010) “‘Ripple Effects” and forecasting home prices in Los Angeles, Las Vegas, and Phoenix’, The Annals of Regional Science, 48(3): 763–782.

  • Gupta, R. and Miller, S. (2012) ‘The time-series properties of house prices: A case study of the Southern California Market’, Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 44(3): 339–361.

  • Gurran, N. and Phibbs, P. (2015) ‘Are governments really interested in fixing the housing problem? Policy capture and busy work in Australia’, Housing Studies, 30(5): 711–729.

  • Gurran, N., Gilbert, C., Gibb, K., van den Nouwelant, R., James, A. and Phibbs, P. (2018) Supporting Affordable Housing Supply: Inclusionary Planning in New and Renewing Communities, AHURI Final Report No. 297, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

  • Gurran, N., Rowley, S., Milligan, V., Randolph, B., Phibbs, P., Gilbert, C., James, A., Troy, L. and van den Nouwelant, R. (2018) Inquiry into Increasing Affordable Housing Supply: Evidence-Based Principles and Strategies for Australian Policy and Practice, AHURI Final Report No. 300, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

  • Gurran, N., Phibbs, P., Yates, J., Gilbert, C., Whitehead, C., Norris, M., McClure, K., Berry, M., Maginn, P. and Goodman, R. (2015) Housing Markets, Economic Productivity, and Risk: International Evidence and Policy Implications for Australia Volume 1: Outcomes of an Investigative Panel, AHURI Final Report No. 254, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

  • Gyourko, J. and Linneman, P. (1993) ‘The Affordability of the American Dream: An Examination of the Last 30 Years’, Journal of Housing Research, 4(1): 39–72.

  • Gyourko, J., Saiz, A. and Summers, A. (2008) ‘A new measure of the local regulatory environment for housing markets’, Urban Studies, 45(3): 693–729.

  • Hall, P., Gracey, H., Drewett, R. and Thomas, R. (1973) The Containment of Urban England, London: Allen and Unwin.

  • Hall, S., Psaradakis, Z. and Sola, M. (1997) ‘Switching error-correction models of house prices in the United Kingdom’, Economic Modelling, 14(4): 517–528.

  • Hancock, K. (1991) ‘The Economic Principles of Affordability’, paper given at the Housing Studies Association Conference. York: University of York.

  • Hancock, K. (1993) ‘Can’t pay? Won’t pay? The economic principles of affordability’, Urban Studies, 30(1): 127–145.

  • Haurin, D., Hendershott, P. and Kim, D. (1994) ‘Housing decisions of American youth’, Journal of Urban Economics, 35(1): 28–45.

  • Haurin, D., Hendershott, P. and Wachter, S. (1997) ‘Borrowing constraints and the tenure choice of young households’, Journal of Housing Research, 8(2): 137–154.

  • Hegedüs, J., Lux, M. and Teller, N. (eds.) (2013) Social Housing in Transition Countries, New York and Abingdon: Routledge.

  • Henman, P. and Jones, A. (2012) Exploring the Use of Residual Measures of Housing Affordability in Australia: Methodologies and Concepts, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute Final Report No. 180.

  • Heywood, A. (2011) The End of the Affair: Implications of Declining Home Ownership, London: Smith Institute.

  • HM Treasury (2017) Autumn Budget, 2017, London: HM Treasury.

  • HM Treasury (2018) The Green Book: Central Government Guidance on Appraisal and Evaluation, www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-green-book-appraisal-and-evaluation-in-central-governent [accessed 29 November 2019].

  • HM Treasury (2018a) Budget 2018, www.gov.uk/government/topical-events/budget-2018 [accessed 22 December 2019].

  • HM Treasury (2019) Spring Statement, www.gov.uk/government/publications/spring-statement-2019-written-ministerial-statement [accessed 22 December 2019].

  • HM Treasury and Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (2005) The Government’s Response to Kate Barker’s Review of Housing Supply, London: HM Treasury and ODPM.

  • Hilber, C. and Lyytikäinen, T. (2017) ‘Transaction taxes and household mobility: Distortion on the housing or labour market?’ Journal of Urban Economics, 101: 57–73.

  • Hilber, C. and Vermeulen, W. (2016) ‘The impact of supply constraints on house prices in England’, Economic Journal, 126(591): 358–405.

  • Hills, J. (2001) ‘Inclusion or exclusion? The role of housing subsidies and benefits’, Urban Studies, 38(11): 1887–1902.

  • Hills, J., Berthoud, R. and Gibb. K. (1991) ‘The future of housing allowances’, Critical Social Policy, 11(31): 94–97.

  • Himmelberg, C., Mayer, C. and Sinai, T. (2005) ‘Assessing high house prices: Bubbles, fundamentals and misperceptions’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19(4): 67–92.

  • Holmans, A. (1970) ‘A forecast of effective demand for housing in Great Britain in the nineteen seventies’, Social Trends, 1: 33–42.

  • Holmans, A. (1987) Housing Policy in Britain: A History, London: Croom Helm.

  • Holmans, A. (2005), Historical Statistics of Housing in Britain, Cambridge: Cambridge Centre for Housing and Planning Research, University of Cambridge.

  • Holmans, A. (2012) Household Projections, their History and Uses, Cambridge: Cambridge Centre of Housing and Planning, University of Cambridge.

  • Holmans, A. and Whitehead, C. (1997) Funding Affordable Social Housing, London: National Housing Federation.

  • Holmans, A., Monk, S. and Whitehead, C. (2008) Homes for the Future: A New Analysis of Housing Need and Demand in England, London: Shelter.

  • Holmes, M., Otero, J. and Panagiotidis, T. (2011) ‘Investigating regional house price convergence in the United States: Evidence from a pair-wise approach’, Economic Modelling, 28(6): 2369–2376.

  • Home Builders Federation (2017) Reversing the Decline of Small Housebuilders, www.hbf.co.uk/fileadmin/documents/Policy/Publications/HBF_SME_Report_2017_Web.pdf [accessed 28 November 2019].

  • Hornbeck, R. and Keniston, D. (2017) ‘Creative destruction: Barriers to urban growth and the Boston Great Fire of 1872’, American Economic Review, 107(6): 1365–1398.

  • House of Commons, Communities and Local Government Committee (2017) Capacity in the Home Building Industry, 10th Report of Session 2016-17, HC46, London: UK Parliament.

  • House of Commons, Communities and Local Government Select Committee (2018) Housing for Older People, Second Report of Session 2017–19, HC 370, London: UK Parliament.

  • House of Commons, Housing, Communities and Local Government Select Committee (2018a) Land Value Capture, Tenth Report of Session 2017–19, HC 766, London: UK Parliament.

  • House of Commons, Housing, Communities and Local Government Select Committee (2019) Modern Methods of Construction, Fifteenth Report of Session 2017–19, HC 1831, London: UK Parliament.

  • House of Commons, Housing, Communities and Local Government Select Committee (2019a) High Streets and Town Centres in 2030, Fifteenth Report of Session 2017–19, HC 1010, London: UK Parliament.

  • House of Lords (2016) Building More Homes, Economic Affairs Committee, First Report of Session 2016/17, HL Paper 20, London: UK Parliament.

  • Huang, H. and Tang, Y. (2012) ‘Residential land use regulation and the US house price cycle between 2000 and 2009’, Journal of Urban Economics, 71(1): 93–99.

  • Hulchanski, J. (1995) ‘The concept of housing affordability: Six contemporary uses of the housing expenditure-to-income ratio’, Housing Studies, 10(4): 471–491.

  • Hulse, K., Reynolds, M. and Yates, J. (2014) Changes in the Supply of Affordable Housing in the Private Rental Sector for Lower Income Households, 2006–11, AHURI Final Report No. 235, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

  • Iacoviello, M. (2005) ‘House prices, borrowing constraints, and monetary policy in the business cycle’, American Economic Review, 95(3): 739–764.

  • Iacoviello, M. and Neri, S. (2010) ‘Housing market spillovers: Evidence from an estimated DSGE model’, American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, 2(2): 125–164.

  • Ihlanfeldt, K. (2007) ‘The effect of land use regulation on housing and land prices’, Journal of Urban Economics, 61(3): 420–435.

  • Ihlanfeldt, K. and Shaughnessy, T. (2004) ‘An empirical investigation of the effects of impact fees on housing and land markets’, Regional Science and Urban Economics, 34(6): 639–661.

  • Inside Housing (2017) Inside Housing Spotlight, Issue 7.12.17, www.insidehousing.co.uk/insight/insight/revealed-the-scale-of-ex-rtb-home-conversions-to-private-rent-53525 [accessed 11 December 2019].

  • Inside Housing (2018), ‘Right to Buy to Let’, www.insidehousing.co.uk/insight/insight/right-to-buy-to-let-44479 [accessed 29 November 2019].

  • Institute of Public Policy Research (2016) Final Report of the London Housing Commission: Building a New Deal for London, www.ippr.org/publications/building-a-new-deal-for-london [accessed 19 November 2019].

  • Jackson, A., Morrison, N. and Royce, C. (1994) The Supply of Land for Housing, Changing Local Authority Mechanisms, Discussion Paper 42, Cambridge: Department of Land Economy, University of Cambridge.

  • Jackson, A., Monk, S., Royce, C. and Dunn, J. (1994a) Land Supply and Housing: A Case Study, Discussion Paper 44, Cambridge: Department of Land Economy, University of Cambridge.

  • Jackson, B. (2014) ‘Property-owning democracy: A short history’, in M. O’Neill and T. Williamson (eds.), Property-Owning Democracy: Rawls and Beyond (pp 33–52), Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.

  • Joint Center of Housing Studies of Harvard University (2019) The State of the Nation’s Housing, 2019, Boston: the Center.

  • Jones, C. and Murie, A. (2006) The Right to Buy: Analysis and Evaluation of a Housing Policy, Oxford: Blackwell.

  • Jones, C., Coombes, M. and Wong, C. (2012) ‘A system of national tiered housing-market areas and spatial planning’, Environment and Planning B, 39(3): 518–532.

  • Jones. C., Leishman, C. and Watkins, C. (2004) ‘Intra-urban migration and housing submarkets: Theory and evidence’, Housing Studies, 19(2): 269–283.

  • Jones, C., Watkins, C. and Watkins, D. (2011) ‘Measuring local affordability: Variations between housing market areas’, International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 4(4): 341–356.

  • Jordà, O., Knoll, K., Kuvshinov, D., Schularick, M. and Taylor, A. (2017) ‘The rate of return on everything, 1870–2015’, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco Working Paper 2017–25. San Francisco.

  • Joyce, R., Mitchell, M. and Keiller, A. (2017) The Costs of Housing for Low Income Tenants, London: Institute for Fiscal Studies.

  • Kahneman, D. (2011) Thinking, Fast and Slow, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

  • Keightley, M. (2019) An Introduction to the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit, Washington DC: Congressional Research Service.

  • Kemp, P. (1998) Housing Benefit, Time for Reform, York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.

  • Kemp, P. (ed.) (2007) Housing Allowances in a Comparative Perspective, Bristol: Policy Press.

  • Kemp, P., Wilcox, S. and Rhodes, D. (2002) Housing Benefit Reform: Next Steps, York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.

  • Kiddle, C. (2002) The Impact of the Large Scale Transfer of Local Authority Stock on the Housing Association Sector, Cambridge: Cambridge Centre for Housing and Planning Research, University of Cambridge.

  • Kim, Y. and Rous, J. (2012) ‘House price convergence: Evidence from US state and metropolitan area panels’, Journal of Housing Economics, 21: 169–186.

  • King, M. (1990) ‘Discussion of Muellbauer and Murphy: Is the UK’s balance of payments sustainable?’, Economic Policy, 5(11): 383–387.

  • Knoll, K., Schularick, M. and Steger, T. (2017) ‘No Place Like Home: Global House Prices, 1870–2012’, American Economic Review, 107(2): 331–352.

  • KPMG and Shelter (2015) Building the Homes We Need. London: KPMG.

  • Kutty, N. (2005) ‘A new measure of housing affordability: Estimates and analytical results’, Housing Policy Debate, 16(1): 113–142.

  • Lambrecht, B., Perraudin, W. and Satchell, S. (1997) ‘Time to default in the UK mortgage market’, Economic Modelling, 14(4): 485–499.

  • Lawson, J., Pawson, H., Troy, L., van den Nouwelant, R. and Hamilton, C. (2018) Social Housing as Infrastructure: An Investment Pathway, AHURI Final Report No. 306, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

  • Lean, H. and Smyth, R. (2013) ‘Regional house prices and the ripple effect in Malaysia’, Urban Studies, 50(5): 895–922.

  • LeBaron, B., Arthur, W. and Palmer, R. (1999) ‘Time series properties of an artificial stock market’, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 23(9), 1487–1516.

  • Lee, Chul-In (2007) ‘Does provision of public rental housing crowd out private housing investment? A panel VAR approach’, Journal of Housing Economics, 16(1): 1–20.

  • Leishman, C. (2009) ‘Spatial change and the structure of urban housing sub-markets’, Housing Studies, 24(5): 563–586.

  • Leishman, C. and Rowley, S. (2012) ‘Affordable housing’, in D. Clapham, A. Clarke and K. Gibb (eds.) The Sage Handbook of Housing, London: Sage.

  • Leishman, C., Costello, G., Rowley, S. and Watkins, C. (2013) ‘The predictive performance of multilevel models of housing sub-markets: A comparative analysis’, Urban Studies, 50(6), 1201–1220.

  • Lenoel, C., Matsu, J. and Naisbitt, B. (2018) International Evidence Review on Housing Taxation, UK Collaborative Centre for Housing Evidence, https://housingevidence.ac.uk/publications/international-evidence-review-on-housing-taxation/ [accessed 28 November 2019].

  • Lerman, D. and Reeder, W. (1987) ‘The affordability of adequate housing’, Journal of the American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, 15(4): 389–404.

  • Letwin, O. (2018) Independent Review of Build-out: Final Report, Cm 9720, London: MHCLG and HM Treasury.

  • Lichfields (2017), Stock and Flow, Planning Permissions and Housing Output, London: Nathaniel Litchfield and Partners.

  • Linneman, P. and Megbolugbe, I. (1992) ‘Housing affordability: Myth or reality?’, Urban Studies, 29(3/4): 369–392.

  • Lord, A., Dunning, R., Dockerill, B., Carro, A., Burgess, G., Crook, A., Watkins, C. and Whitehead, C. (2018) The Incidence, Value and Delivery of Planning Obligations in England in 2016–2017, London: Department of Communities and Local Government.

  • Lunde, J. and Whitehead, C. (2016) Milestones in European Housing Finance, Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.

  • Luo, Z., Liu, C. and Picken, D. (2007) ‘Housing price diffusion pattern of Australia’s state capital cities’, International Journal of Strategic Property Management, 11(4): 227–242.

  • Lyons, M. (2014) Mobilising across the Nation to Build the Homes our Children Need. The Lyons Housing Review www.thinkhouse.org.uk/archive/lyons.pdf, [accessed 28 November 2019].

  • McKee, K. and Soaita, D. (2018), The ‘Frustrated’ Housing Aspirations of Generation Rent. UK Collaborative Centre for Housing Evidence Research Report, https://housingevidence.ac.uk/publications/the-frustrated-housing-aspirations-of-generation-rent/, [accessed 28 November 2019].

  • Mace, A. (2017) ‘The metropolitan green belt – changing an institution’, Progress in Planning, 121: 1–28.

  • Mace, A., Blanc, F., Gordon, I. and Scanlon, K. (2016) A 21st Century Metropolitan Green Belt. HEIF (5), London: The London School of Economics.

  • Maclennan, D. and Tu, Y. (1996) ‘Economic perspectives on the structure of local housing markets’, Housing Studies, 11(3): 387–406.

  • Maclennan, D., Muellbauer, J. and Stephens, M. (1998) ‘Asymmetries in housing and financial market institutions and EMU’, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 14(3): 54–80.

  • Maclennan, D., Ong, R. and Wood, G. (2015) Making Connections: Housing Productivity and Economic Development, AHURI Final Report No. 251, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

  • Maclennan, D., Crommelin, L., van den Nouwelant, R. and Randolph, B. (2018) Making Better Economic Cases for Housing Policies, City Futures Research Report, Sydney: University of New South Wales.

  • Maclennan, D., with Randolph, B., Crommelin L., Witte, E., Klestov, P., Scealy, B. and Brown, S. (2019) Strengthening Economic Cases for Housing Policies, City Futures Research Report, Sydney: University of New South Wales.

  • McOmish, D. (2018) Potential Impacts of Brownfield Development: An Assessment, London: Historic England.

  • Malpass, P. (2015) ‘Histories of social housing, a comparative approach’, in K. Scanlon, C. Whitehead, and M. Fernandez Arrigoitia (eds.), Social Housing in Europe, Oxford: Wiley Blackwell.

  • Malpezzi, S. (1996) ‘Housing prices, externalities, and regulation in US metropolitan areas’, Journal of Housing Research, 7(2): 209–241.

  • Malpezzi, S. and Maclennan, D. (2001) ‘The long-run price elasticity of supply of new residential construction in the United States and the United Kingdom’, Journal of Housing Economics, 10(3): 278–306.

  • Malpezzi, S. and Mayo, S. (1997) ‘Getting housing incentives right: A case study of the effects of regulation, taxes and subsidies on housing supply in Malaysia’, Land Economics, 73(3): 372–391.

  • Malpezzi, S. and Mayo, S. (1997a) ‘Housing and urban development indicators: A good idea whose time has returned’, Real Estate Economics, 25(1): 1–11.

  • Manski, C. (2000) ‘Economic analysis of social interactions’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 14(3): 115–136.

  • Marmaras, E. (2015) ‘British town planning on the eve of the Second World War’, in Planning for London for the Post-War Era, pp 7–14, Basle: Springer International.

  • Mayer, C. and Somerville, C. (2000) ‘Residential construction: Using the urban growth model to estimate housing supply’, Journal of Urban Economics, 48: 85–109.

  • Mayer, C. and Somerville, C. (2000a) ‘Land use regulation and new construction’, Regional Science and Urban Economics, 30(6): 639–662.

  • Mayo, S. and Sheppard, S. (1996) ‘Housing supply under rapid economic growth and varying regulatory stringency: An international comparison,’ Journal of Housing Economics, 5(3): 274–289.

  • Mayo, S. and Sheppard, S. (2001) ‘Housing supply and the effects of stochastic development control’, Journal of Housing Economics, 10(2): 109–128.

  • Meen, D. and Meen, G. (2003) ‘Social behaviour as a basis for modelling the urban housing market: A review’, Urban Studies, 40(5–6): 917–935.

  • Meen, G. (1989) ‘The ending of mortgage rationing and its effects on the housing market: A simulation study’, Urban Studies, 26(2): 240–252.

  • Meen, G. (1990) ‘The removal of mortgage market constraints and the implications for econometric modelling of UK house prices’, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 52(1): 1–24.

  • Meen, G. (1995) ‘Is housing good for the economy?’, Housing Studies, 10(3): 405–424.

  • Meen, G. (1999) ‘Regional house prices and the ripple effect: A new interpretation’, Housing Studies, 14(6): 733–753.

  • Meen, G. (2001) Modelling Spatial Housing Markets: Theory, Analysis and Policy, Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

  • Meen, G. (2002) ‘The time-series properties of house prices: A transatlantic divide?’, Journal of Housing Economics, 11(1): 1–23.

  • Meen, G. (2008) ‘Ten new propositions in UK housing macroeconomics: An overview of the first years of the century’, Urban Studies, 45(13): 2759–2781.

  • Meen, G. (2011) ‘A long-run model of housing affordability’, Housing Studies, 26(7–8): 1081–1104.

  • Meen, G. (2013) ‘Home-ownership for future generations’, Urban Studies, 50(4): 637–656.

  • Meen, G. and Andrew, M. (1998) ‘On the aggregate housing market implications of labour market change’, Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 45(4): 393–419.

  • Meen, G. and Andrew, M. (2008) ‘Planning for housing in the post-Barker era: affordability, household formation and tenure choice’, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 24(1): 79–98.

  • Meen, G. and Nygaard, C. (2011) ‘Local housing supply and the impact of history and geography’, Urban Studies, 48(14): 3107–3124.

  • Meen, G., Mihailov, A. and Wang, Y. (2020) ‘On the long-run solution to aggregate housing systems’, University of Reading Department of Economics Discussion Paper, Reading: University of Reading.

  • Meen, G., Gibb, K., Leishman, C. and Nygaard, C. (2016) Housing Economics: A Historical Approach, London: Palgrave Macmillan.

  • Mian, A. and Sufi, A. (2009) ‘The consequences of mortgage credit expansion: Evidence from the US mortgage default crisis’, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 124(4): 1449–1496.

  • Mian, A. and Sufi, A. (2011) ‘House prices, home-equity based borrowing, and the US household leverage crisis’, American Economic Review, 101(5): 2132–2156.

  • Mian, A., Sufi, A. and Verner, E. (2017) ‘Household debt and business cycles worldwide’, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 132(4): 1755–1817.

  • Miao, H., Ramchander, S. and Simpson, M. (2011), ‘Return and volatility transmission in US housing markets’, Real Estate Economics, 39(4): 701–741.

  • Miles, D. (2004) The UK Mortgage Market: Taking a Longer View, London: HM Treasury.

  • Miles, D. (2011) ‘Mortgages, Housing and Monetary Policy – What Lies Ahead?’, www.bankofengland.co.uk/-/media/boe/files/speech/2011/mortgages-housing-and-monetary-policy-what-lies-ahead-speech-by-david-miles [accessed 29 November 2019].

  • Miles, D. (2012) ‘Demographic change and housing markets’, Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 59(5): 444–466.

  • Miles, W. (2017) ‘Has there actually been a sustained increase in the synchronization of house price (and business) cycles across countries?’, Journal of Housing Economics, 36: 25–43.

  • Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (2012, 2018 and 2019) National Planning Policy Framework, London: MHCLG.

  • Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (2018) Technical Consultation on Updates to National Planning Policy and Guidance, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/751810/LHN_Consultation.pdf [accessed 14 December 2019].

  • Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (2018a), Affordable Housing Supply April 2017, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/758389/Affordable_Housing_Supply_2017-18.pdf. [accessed 22 December 2019].

  • Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (2019) English Private Landlord Survey 2018 Main Report, www.gov.uk/government/publications/english-private-landlord-survey-2018-main-report [accessed 11 December 2019].

  • Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (2019a) A New Deal for Renting: Resetting the Balance of Rights and Responsibilities between Landlords and Tenants, www.gov.uk/government/consultations/a-new-deal-for-renting-resetting-the-balance-of-rights-and-responsibilities-between-landlords-and-tenants [accessed 11 December 2019].

  • Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (2019b) Government Response to the Technical Consultation on Updates to National Planning Policy and Guidance, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/779792/LHN_Gov_response.pdf, [accessed 14 December 2019].

  • Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (2019c) Housing and Economic Needs Assessment, www.gov.uk/guidance/housing-and-economic-development-needs-assessments [accessed 14 December 2019].

  • Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (2019d) House Building: New Build Dwellings, England: December Quarter 2018, London: Housing Statistical Release, March.

  • Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (2019e) English Housing Survey 2017 to 2018: Headline Report, www.gov.uk/government/statistics/english-housing-survey-2017-to-2018-headline-report

  • Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (2019f) Rough Sleeping in England: Autumn 2018, London: Housing Statistical Release, February.

  • Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (2020) Planning for the Future, London: MHCLG.

  • Mirrlees, J., Adam, S., Besley, T., Blundell, R., Bond, S., Chote, R., Gammie, M., Johnson, P., Myles, G. and Poterba, J. (2011) Tax by Design, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

  • Monk, S. (1999) The Use of Price in Planning for Housing: A Literature Review, Discussion Paper 105, Cambridge: Department of Land Economy, University of Cambridge.

  • Monk, S., Whitehead, C., Burgess, G. and Tang, C. (2013) International Review of Land Supply and Planning Systems, York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.

  • Montagnoli, A. and Nagayasu, J. (2015) ‘UK house price convergence clubs and spillovers’, Journal of Housing Economics, 30: 50–58.

  • Montague, A. (2012) Review of the Barriers to Institutional Investment in Private Rented Homes, London: Department of Communities and Local Government.

  • Muellbauer, J. (2005) ‘Property taxation and the economy after the Barker review’, Economic Journal, 115(502): C99–117.

  • Muellbauer, J. (2018) ‘Housing, debt and the economy: A tale of two countries’, National Institute Economic Review, 245(1): R20–R33.

  • Muellbauer, J. and Murphy, A. (1990) ‘Is the UK’s balance of payments sustainable?’, Economic Policy, 5(11): 347–395.

  • Muellbauer, J. and Murphy, A. (1997) ‘Booms and busts in the UK housing market’, Economic Journal, 107(445): 1701–1727.

  • Mulheirn, I. (2019) Tackling the UK Housing Crisis: Is Supply the Answer? UK Collaborative Centre for Housing Evidence, https://housingevidence.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/20190820b-CaCHE-Housing-Supply-FINAL.pdf [accessed 30 December 2019].

  • Murie, A. (2015) ‘The Right to Buy, History and Prospect’, History and Politics Policy Papers, www.historyandpolicy.org/policy-papers/papers/the-right-to-buy-history-and-prospect [accessed 22 December 2019].

  • Murphy, L. (2014) ‘Houston, we’ve got a problem: The political construction of a housing affordability metric in New Zealand’, Housing Studies, 29(7): 893–909.

  • Murphy, L., Snelling, C. and Stirling, A. (2019) A Poor Tax: Council Tax in London: Time for Reform, London: Institute for Public Policy Research.

  • Murray, M. (1999) ‘Subsidized and unsubsidized housing stocks 1935 to 1987: Crowding out and cointegration’, Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 18(1): 107–124.

  • Musgrave, R. (1959) The Theory of Public Finance, New York: McGraw-Hill.

  • Muth, R. (1960) ‘The demand for non-farm housing’, in: A. Harberger (Ed.) The Demand for Durable Goods, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

  • National Audit Office (2019) Help to Buy Equity Loan Scheme: Progress Review, www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Help-to-Buy-Equity-Loan-scheme-progress-review.pdf [accessed 29 November 2019].

  • National Housing Federation (2019) ‘Housing benefit freeze: 9 in 10 homes unaffordable for families’, www.housing.org.uk/press/press-releases/housing-benefit-freeze-9-in-10-homes-unaffordable-for-families/ [accessed 11 December 2019].

  • National Housing Supply Council (annually, 2009–13) State of Supply Annual Reports, Canberra: NHSC.

  • Nelson, K. (1994) ‘Whose shortage of affordable housing?’, Housing Policy Debate, 5(4): 401–442.

  • Nepal, B., Tanton, R. and Harding, A. (2010) ‘Measuring housing stress: How much do definitions matter?’, Urban Policy and Research, 28(2): 211–224.

  • Neuberger, H. and Nichol, B. (1976) The Recent Course of Land and Property Prices and the Factors Underlying It. London: Department of the Environment.

  • NHBC Foundation (2015) Homes through the Decades, Milton Keynes: NHBC.

  • Nitsch, V. (2003) ‘Does history matter for urban primacy? The case of Vienna’, Regional Science and Urban Economics, 33(4): 401–418.

  • Nordvik, V. (2006) ‘Selective housing policy in local housing markets and the supply of housing’, Journal of Housing Economics, 15(4): 279–292.

  • North, D. (2005) Understanding the Process of Economic Change, Princeton: Princeton University Press.

  • OECD (2016) Affordable Housing Database, Paris: OECD.

  • OECD (2019) HC1.2 Housing Costs over Income, OECD Social Policy Division, www.oecd.org/els/family/HC1-2-Housing-costs-over-income.pdf [accessed 11 December 2019].

  • Office for Fair Trading (2008) Homebuilding in the UK: A Market Study, https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20140402181400/http:/www.oft.gov.uk/shared_oft/reports/comp_policy/oft1020.pdf [accessed 28 November 2019].

  • Office for National Statistics (2018a) Methodology Used to Produce Household Projections for England: 2016-Based, www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationprojections/methodologies/methodologyusedtoproducehouseholdprojectionsforengland2016based [accessed 14 December 2019].

  • Oikarinen, E. (2012) ‘Empirical Evidence on the Reaction Speeds of House Prices and Sales to Demand Shocks’, Journal of Housing Economics, 21(1): 41–54.

  • Ong, R., Wood, G., Whelan, S., Cigdem, M., Atalay, K. and Dodson, J. (2017) Inquiry into Housing Policies, Labour Force Participation and Economic Growth, AHURI Final Report No. 285, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

  • Oswald, A. (1996), ‘A Conjecture on the explanation for high unemployment in the industrialised nations: Part 1’, Warwick University Economic Research Papers No. 475.

  • Pannell, R. (2003) ‘Denmark: Probably the best housing finance system in the world’, CML Housing Finance, Winter.

  • Paris, C. (2007) ‘International perspectives on planning and affordable housing’, Housing Studies, 22(1): 1–9.

  • Peabody (2019) Understanding the Impact of Universal Credit, www.peabody.org.uk/news-views/2019/sep/universal-credit-impact [accessed 11 December 2019].

  • Pelletier, D. and Tunc, C. (2019) ‘Endogenous life-cycle housing investment and portfolio allocation’, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 51(4): 991–1019.

  • Pereira, A. (2009) ‘The opportunity of a disaster: The economic impact of the 1755 Lisbon earthquake’, The Journal of Economic History, 69(02): 466–499.

  • Pereira, R. (2018) ‘What Our Household Projections Really Show’, National Statistical, October, Office of National Statistics, https://blog.ons.gov.uk/2018/10/19/what-our-household-projections-really-show/ [accessed 14 December 2019].

  • Petkova, K. and Weichenrieder, A. (2017) ‘Price and quantity effects of the German real estate transfer tax’, CESifo Working Paper No. 6538. Munich: Ifo Institute.

  • Piazzesi, M. and Schneider, M. (2016) ‘Housing and macroeconomics’, in J. Taylor and H. Uhlig (eds.), Handbook of Macroeconomics Vol. 2, Amsterdam: Elsevier.

  • Piazzesi, M., Schneider, M. and Tuzel, S. (2007) ‘Housing, consumption and asset pricing’, Journal of Financial Economics, 83(3): 531–569.

  • Picketty, T. (2014) Capital in the 21st Century, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

  • Pinoncely, V. and Belcher, E. (2018) Made for London: Realising the Potential for Modern Methods of Construction. London: Centre for London.

  • Poghosyan, T. (2016) ‘Can property taxes reduce house price volatility? Evidence from US regions’, IMF Working Paper WP/16/216.

  • Poterba, J. (1984) ‘Tax subsidies to owner occupied housing: An asset market approach’, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 99(4): 729–752.

  • Preece, J., Crawford, J., McKee, K., Flint, J. and Robinson, D. (2019) ‘Understanding changing housing aspirations: A review of the evidence’, Housing Studies, doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2019.1584665.

  • Priemus, H. and Boelhouwer, P. (1999) ‘Social housing finance, trends and opportunities’, Urban Studies, 36(4): 633–645.

  • Priemus, H. and Whitehead, C. (2014) ‘Interactions between the financial crisis and national housing markets’, Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 29(2): 193–200.

  • Pryce, G. (1999) ‘Construction elasticities and land availability: A two-stage least-squares model of housing supply using the variable elasticity approach’, Urban Studies, 36(13): 2283–2304.

  • Pryke, M. and Whitehead, C. (1993) ‘The provision of private finance for social housing: An outline of recent developments in funding existing housing associations in England’, Housing Studies, 8(4): 274–291.

  • Pryke, M. and Whitehead, C. (1994) ‘The influence of private finance on the provision of social housing in England’, Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 9(4): 357–359.

  • Quercia, R. and Stegman, M. (1992) ‘Residential mortgage default: A review of the literature’, Journal of Housing Research, 3(2): 341–379.

  • Ravenstein, E. (1885) ‘The Laws of Migration’, Journal of the Statistical Society of London, 48(2): 167–235.

  • Redfern Review (2016) The Redfern Review into the Decline of Home Ownership, https://britainthinks.com/pdfs/TW082_RR_online_PDF.pdf [accessed 29 November 2019].

  • Reinhart, C. and Rogoff, K. (2009) This Time is Different: Eight Centuries of Financial Folly, Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press.

  • Resolution Foundation (2018) ‘Home ownership is rising, but the crisis is far from over’, www.resolutionfoundation.org/media/blog/home-ownership-is-rising-but-the-crisis-is-far-from-over/ [accessed 29 November 2019].

  • Rhodes, D. (2015) ‘The fall and rise of the private rented sector in England’, Built Environment, 41(2): 258–270.

  • Rhodes, D. and Rugg, J. (2018) Vulnerability amongst Low Income Tenants in the Private Rented Sector. York: Centre for Housing Policy, University of York.

  • RICS (2019) International Models for Delivery of Affordable Housing in Asia, Insight Paper, London: RICS.

  • Riddel, M. (2000) ‘Housing market dynamics under stochastic growth: An application to the housing market in Boulder, Colorado’, Journal of Regional Science, 40(4): 771–788.

  • Riddel, M. (2004) ‘Housing-market disequilibrium: An examination of housing-market price and stock dynamics’, Journal of Housing Economics, 13(2): 120–135.

  • Rohe, W., van Zandt, S. and McCarthy, G. (2001) ‘The social benefits and costs of home ownership: A critical assessment of the research’, Paper LIHO-01-12, Joint Center for Housing Studies, Harvard: Harvard University.

  • Rose, L. (1989) ‘Urban land supply: Natural and contrived restriction’, Journal of Urban Economics, 25(3): 325–345.

  • Rowley, S. and Ong, R. (2012) Housing Affordability, Housing Stress and Household Wellbeing in Australia, AHURI Final Report No. 192, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

  • Rowley, S., Ong, R. and Haffner, M. (2015) ‘Bridging the gap between housing stress and financial stress: The case of Australia’, Housing Studies, 30(3): 473–490.

  • Rowley, S., Leishman, C., Baker, E., Bentley, R. and Lester, L. (2017) Modelling Housing Need in Australia to 2025, AHURI Final Report No. 287, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

  • Rowley, S., James, A., Gilbert, C., Gurran, N., Ong, R., Phibbs, P., Rosen, D. and Whitehead, C. (2016) Subsidised Affordable Rental Housing: Lessons from Australia and Overseas, AHURI Final Report No. 267, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

  • Rugg, J. and Rhodes, D. (2018) The Evolving Private Rented Sector: Its Evolution and Potential, York: Centre of Housing Policy, University of York.

  • Ryan-Collins, J. (2019) Why Can’t You Afford a Home?, Cambridge: Polity Press.

  • Sai-Fan Chan, T. (1999) ‘Residential construction and credit market imperfection’, Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 18(1): 125–129.

  • Saiz, A. (2010) ‘The Geographic Determinants of Housing Supply’, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 125(3): 1253–1296.

  • Savills (2019) Build to Rent, London: Savills.

  • Scanlon, K. and Blanc, F. (2019) The Bank of Mum and Dad: How it Really Works, London: LSE London.

  • Scanlon, K. and Whitehead, C. (2004) International Trends in Housing Tenure and Mortgage Finance, London: Council of Mortgage Lenders.

  • Scanlon, K., Whitehead, C. and Fernandez Arrigoitia, M. (2014) Social Housing in Europe, Oxford: Wiley Blackwell.

  • Scanlon, K., Whitehead, C. and Williams, P. (2016) Taking Stock: Understanding the Effects of Recent Policy Change on the Private Rented Sector and Buy to Let, London: LSE London, www.lse.ac.uk/business-and-consultancy/consulting/assets/documents/Taking-stock.-Buy-to-let.pdf [accessed 28 November 2019].

  • Scanlon, K., Whitehead, C. and Blanc, F. (2017) The Future Social Housing Provider, Norwich: Flagship Group.

  • Scanlon, K., Whitehead, C., Blanc, F. and Moreno-Tabarez, U. (2017) The Role of Overseas Investors in the London New-Build Residential Market, London: Greater London Authority.

  • Schelling, T. (1971) ‘Dynamic models of segregation’, Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1(2): 143–186.

  • Schmid, C. (2018) Tenancy Law and Housing Policy in Europe, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

  • Shelter (2019) A Vision for Social Housing, https://england.shelter.org.uk/support_us/campaigns/a_vision_for_social_housing, [accessed 19 November 2019].

  • Shi, S. (2009) ‘The ripple effect of local house price movements in New Zealand’, Journal of Property Research, 26(1): 1–24.

  • Shiller, R. (2005) Irrational Exuberance, Princeton N.J: Princeton University Press.

  • Simpson, H. (1933) ‘Real estate speculation and the depression’, American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings, 23(1): 163–171.

  • Siodla, J. (2015) ‘Razing San Francisco: The 1906 disaster as a natural experiment in urban redevelopment’, Journal of Urban Economics, 89: 48–61.

  • Smith, L. (2017) Planning for Housing, House of Commons Briefing Note 03741, London: Parliament.

  • Smith, S., Searle, B. and Cook, N. (2009) ‘Rethinking the risks of home ownership’, Journal of Social Policy, 38(1): 83–102.

  • Smith, S., Whitehead, C. and Williams, P. (2013) A Role for Equity Finance in UK Housing Markets? York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.

  • Stapledon, N. (2010) ‘A history of housing prices in Australia, 1880–2010’, University of New South Wales, School of Economics Discussion Paper: 2010/18.

  • Stephens, M. (2000) ‘Convergence in European mortgage systems before and after EMU’, Journal of Housing and Built Environment, 15(1): 29–52.

  • Stephens, M., Perry, J., Wilcox, S., Williams, P. and Young, G. (2018) The UK Housing Review, 2018, Coventry: Chartered Institute of Housing.

  • Stevenson, S. (2004) ‘House price diffusion and inter-regional and cross-border house price dynamics’, Journal of Property Research, 21(4): 301–320.

  • Stone, M. (2006) ‘A housing affordability standard for the UK’, Housing Studies, 21(4): 453–476.

  • Stone, M. (2006a) ‘What is housing affordability? The case for the residual income approach’, Housing Policy Debate, 17(1): 151–184.

  • Stone, M., Burke, T. and Ralston, L. (2011) The Residual Income Approach to Housing Affordability: The Theory and the Practice AHURI Positioning Paper, No. 139, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

  • Thalmann, P. (2003) ‘House poor or simply poor?’, Journal of Housing Economics, 12(4): 291–317.

  • Theil, H. (1954) Linear Aggregation in Economic Relations, Amsterdam: North Holland.

  • Topel, R. and Rosen, S. (1988) ‘Housing investment in the United States’, Journal of Political Economy, 96(4): 718–740.

  • Travers, A. and Whitehead, C. (2013) Creating the Conditions for Growth, London: Berkeley Homes.

  • Tunstall, R. (2015) ‘Relative housing space inequality in England and Wales, and its recent rapid resurgence’, International Journal of Housing Policy, 15(2): 105–126.

  • Udagawa, C., Scanlon, K. and Whitehead, C. (2018) The Future Size and Composition of the Private Rented Sector, London: LSE London.

  • UK Government, Cabinet Papers (1965) Housing Programmes 1965–70; Draft White Paper, C. (65) 151.

  • UK Statistics Authority (2019) Correspondence on ONS Household Projections for England, www.statisticsauthority.gov.uk/correspondence/ons-household-projections-for-england/ [accessed 14 December 2019].

  • University of the West of England (undated) The History of Council Housing, https://fet.uwe.ac.uk/conweb/house_ages/council_housing/print.htm, [accessed 11 December 2019].

  • Vandell, K. (1995) ‘How ruthless is mortgage default? A review and synthesis of the evidence’, Journal of Housing Research, 6(2): 245–264.

  • Van Dijk, B., Franses, P., Paap, R. and Van Dijk, D. (2011) ‘Modelling regional house prices’, Applied Economics, 43(17): 2097–2110.

  • Van Ommeren, J. and Leuvensteijn, M. (2005) ‘New evidence of the effect of transactions costs on residential mobility’, Journal of Regional Science, 45(4): 681–702.

  • Vansteenkiste, I. and Hiebert, P. (2011) ‘Do house price developments spillover across Euro area countries? Evidence from a global VAR,’ Journal of Housing Economics, 20(4): 299–314.

  • Van Zandt, S. and Rohe, W. (2011) ‘The sustainability of low-income home ownership: The incidence of unexpected costs and needed repairs among low-income home buyers’, Housing Policy Debate, 21(2): 317–341.

  • Veld, J., Raciborski, R., Ratto, M. and Roeger, W. (2011) ‘The recent boom-bust cycle: The relative contribution of capital flows, credit supply and asset bubbles’, European Economic Review, 55(3): 386–406.

  • Voigtländer, M. (2009) ‘Why is the German homeownership rate so low?’, Housing Studies, 24(3): 355–372.

  • Voigtländer, N. and Voth, H-J. (2013) ‘The three horsemen of riches: Plague, war and urbanization in early modern Europe’, Review of Economic Studies, 80(2): 774–811.

  • Wallace, A., Rhodes, D. and Webber, R. (2017) Overseas Investors in London’s New Build Housing Market, York: University of York.

  • Watkins, C. (2001) ‘The definition and identification of housing submarkets’, Environment and Planning A, 33(12): 2235–2253.

  • Watkins, C. (2008) ‘Microeconomic perspectives on the structure and operation of local housing markets’. Housing Studies, 23(2): 163–177.

  • Webster, C. (2006) ‘The battle for ideas that shaped British planning’, Paper presented to an international seminar on Epistemological Understanding of Spatial Policy and Rural (Regional) Change, Seoul, Korea: Seoul National University.

  • Weicher, J. (1977) ‘The Affordability of New Homes’, AREUEA Journal, 5: 209–226.

  • Wertheimer, R. (1958) ‘The miracle of German housing in the post war period’, Land Economics, 34(4): 338–345.

  • White, M. and Allmendinger, P. (2003) ‘Land use planning and the housing market: A comparative review of the UK and the US’, Urban Studies, 40(5/6): 953–972.

  • Whitehead, C. (1979) ‘Why owner occupation?’, London: CES Review, No 6.

  • Whitehead, C. (1991) ‘From need to affordability: An analysis of UK housing objectives’, Urban Studies, 28(6): 871–887.

  • Whitehead, C. (1994) ‘Economic flexibility and the private rented sector’, Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 45(4): 361–375.

  • Whitehead, C. (1998) The Benefits of Better Homes: The Case for Good Quality Affordable Housing, London: Shelter.

  • Whitehead, C. (1999) ‘The provision of finance for social housing: The UK experience’, Urban Studies, 36(4): 657–672.

  • Whitehead, C. (2003) ‘The economics of social housing’ in A. O’Sullivan and K. Gibb, Housing Economics and Public Policy, Oxford: Blackwell.

  • Whitehead, C. (2010) Shared Ownership and Shared Equity: Reducing the Risks of Home Ownership, York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.

  • Whitehead, C. (2016) ‘Using projections of household numbers: Tensions between planning and economics’, Sir Frederick J. Osborn Memorial Lecture 2016, London: TCPA.

  • Whitehead, C. (2017a) ‘Breaking down the barriers to housing delivery?’, Journal of Planning and Environment Law, 13 S. OP26-OP39.

  • Whitehead, C. (2017b) ‘Social housing models: Past and future’, Critical Housing Analysis, 4(1): 11–20.

  • Whitehead, C. (2018) ‘Housing policy and the changing tenure mix’, National Institute Economic Review, 245(1): R34-39.

  • Whitehead, C. and Cao, B. (2007) Comparing Rents and User Costs 2005/6 and 2001/2, Cambridge: Dataspring, Cambridge Centre for Housing and Planning Research, University of Cambridge.

  • Whitehead, C. and Kleinman, M. (1986) Private Rented Housing in the 1980s and 1990s. Occasional Paper No. 17, Cambridge: Department of Land Economy, University of Cambridge.

  • Whitehead, C. and Kleinman, M. (1992) A Review of Housing Needs Assessments, London: The Housing Corporation.

  • Whitehead, C. and Udagawa, C. (2020) Housing Supply: Limits of the Market, London: LSE London.

  • Whitehead, C. and Williams, P. (2017) ‘Changes in the regulation and control of mortgage markets and access to owner occupation among younger households’, OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers No.196, Paris: OECD Publishing.

  • Whitehead, C. and Williams, P. (2019) From Ideas to Reality: Longer Term Tenancies and Rent Stabilisation – Principles and Practical Considerations, London: LSE London.

  • Whitehead, C., Williams, P. and Ipsos Mori (2018) Evaluation of the Help to Buy Equity Loan Scheme, www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/ct/publication/documents/2018-10/evaluation-of-the-help-to-buy-equity-loan-scheme-2017.pdf [accessed 29 November 2019].

  • Whitehead, C., Markkanen, S., Monk, S., Scanlon, K. and Tang, C. (2012) The Private Rented Sector in the New Century: A Comparative Approach, Copenhagen: Realdania.

  • Wilcox, S. (2006) The Geography of Affordable and Unaffordable Housing: And the Ability of Younger Working Households to Become Home Owners, York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.

  • Wilcox, S. and Bramley, G. (2010) Evaluating Requirements for Market and Affordable Housing, London: National Housing and Planning Advice Unit.

  • Willetts, D. (2010) The Pinch: How the Baby Boomers Took Their Children’s Future – And Why They Should Give It Back, London: Atlantic Books.

  • Williams, P., Wilcox, S. and Whitehead, C. (2017) Challenges for Our Home Ownership Safety Net: UK and International Perspectives, London: UK Finance, www.ukfinance.org.uk/system/files/Home-Ownership-Safety-Net-11-December-2017.pdf [accessed 5 April 2020].

  • Wilson, W. (1998) Rent Levels, Affordability and Housing Benefit, Research Paper 98/69, House of Commons Library, London: Parliament.

  • Wilson, W. (2012) The Reform of Housing Revenue Account Subsidy, Commons Briefing Paper SNO0434, House of Commons Library, London: Parliament.

  • Wilson, W. (2017) A Short History of Rent Controls, Briefing Paper SN06747, House of Commons Library, London: Parliament.

  • Wilson, W. (2019a) Rent Setting: Social Housing (England), Commons Briefing Paper 01090, House of Commons Library, London: Parliament.

  • Wilson, W. (2019b) Stimulating Housing Supply: Government Initiatives (England), Briefing Paper 06416, House of Commons Library, London: Parliament.

  • Wilson, W. and Barton, C. (2018) Tackling the Under-Supply of Housing in England, Briefing Paper 07671, House of Commons Library, London: Parliament.

  • Wilson, W. and Barton, C. (2019) The End of No-Fault Evictions, Commons Briefing Paper CBP 8658, London: House of Commons Library.

  • Wilson, W. and Bate, A. (2015a) Affordable Rents: England, Commons Briefing Paper 05933, House of Commons Library, London: Parliament.

  • Wilson, W. and Bate, A. (2015b) Extending the Right to Buy (England), Commons Briefing Paper 07224, House of Commons Library, London: Parliament.

  • Wilson, W., Keen, R. and Barton, C. (2016) Housing Benefit Measures Announced since 2010, Commons Briefing Paper SN05638, House of Commons Library, London: Parliament.

  • Wilson, W., Murphy, C. and Barton, C. (2017) The New Homes Bonus (England), Briefing Paper 05724, House of Commons Library, London: Parliament.

  • Wood, G. and Ong, R. (2009) The Dynamics of Housing Affordability: Movements In and Out of Housing Affordability Stress 2001–2006, AHURI Final Report No. 133, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

  • Wood, G., Ong, R. and Cigdem, M. (2015) Factors Shaping the Dynamics of Housing Affordability in Australia 2001–11, AHURI Final Report No. 244, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

  • Yates, J. (2007) Housing Affordability and Financial Stress, AHURI Research Paper No. NRV3-6, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

  • Yates, J. (2008) ‘Australia’s housing affordability crisis’, Australian Economic Review, 41(2): 200–214.

  • Yates, J. and Gabriel, M. (2006) Housing Affordability in Australia, AHURI Research Paper No. NRV3-3, Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

  • Yates, J. and Whitehead, C. (1998) ‘In defence of greater agnosticism: A response to Galster’s “Comparing demand-side and supply-side subsidies”’, Housing Studies, 13(3): 415–423.

  • Young, G., Wilcox, S., Leishman, C. and McCloy, S. (2017) A Review of the Affordability of Social Rents in Northern Ireland. Northern Ireland Housing Executive Research Unit, www.nihe.gov.uk/getmedia/2c7532ee-2310-456d-8ca6-e093cc08a04e/ni_affordability_report_2017.pdf.aspx?ext=.pdf [accessed 27 November 2019].

  • Zabel, J. and Paterson, R. (2006) ‘The effects of critical habitat designation on housing supply: An analysis of California housing construction activity’, Journal of Regional Science, 46(1): 67–95.

  • Zhang, J. (2004) ‘Residential segregation in an all integrationist world’, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organisation, 54(4): 533–550.

  • Zhang, J. (2004a) ‘A dynamic model of residential segregation’, Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 28(3): 147–170.

  • Zheng, G. (2013) The Effects of Auckland’s Metropolitan Urban Limit on Land Prices, Wellington: New Zealand Productivity Commission.

  • Zhu, B., Betzinger, M. and Sebastian, S. (2017) ‘Housing market stability, mortgage market structure and monetary policy: Evidence from the Euro Area’, Journal of Housing Economics, 37: 1–21.

  • Zumbro, T. (2014) ‘The relationship between home-ownership and life satisfaction in Germany’, Housing Studies, 29(3): 319–338.

Content Metrics

May 2022 onwards Past Year Past 30 Days
Abstract Views 17 15 0
Full Text Views 8 3 0
PDF Downloads 5 2 0

Altmetrics