3: Non-Binary Embodiment: Intersex and Third-Gender Markers

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This chapter problematizes the contemporary ways in which third markers have been used to recognize intersex embodiment as synonymous with non-binary identity by law, academia and policy makers. While historically intersex was depicted as a place-holder for binary sex, the use of third markers has become the most prevalent way in which intersex has become recognized in non-medical realms and ultimately frames intersex as located outside of binary conceptions of sex and gender. The chapter particularly focuses on Germany, which, in 2013, became the first European state to recognize third-gender markers on birth certificates. Ultimately, we problematize the depiction of intersex embodiment as non-binary identity when followed through into policy development and legislation as it struggles to challenge medical framings of intersex embodiment as ‘disordered’.

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