4: Situating the Coloniality of Encampment and Deportation as a Mode of Mobility Governance: Insights from Ceuta and Melilla, Mayotte and Tanzania

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This chapter is an exploration of the contradictions and dissonances of coloniality exemplified through the shared inertias of strict mobility control in three cases transitioning to various degrees from colonialism to nationalism. Joining in conversation with post-colonial thinkers, we foreground the ways in which coloniality continues to permeate the governance of people’s mobility in the Spanish enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla on the African continent, the French department of Mayotte in the Indian Ocean and the state of Tanzania in Eastern Africa. We argue that the racializing hierarchies inherited from colonial rule underpin many of the most repressive dimensions of migration control across different postcolonial settings, albeit differently. Borders created under European colonialism as well as former logics of mobility control continue to shine through in the practices of collective refoulement, massive deportations and large-scale encampment that characterize these three case studies.

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