3:
In this chapter, we explore the contemporary crisis in labour markets, a function of capitalist dynamics that neoliberalism has aggravated and the experience of COVID-19 not only illuminated but also reinforced. The rise of the platform economy and digital modes of intermediation has driven increased precarity to be sure. While in the UK in the post-war decades, centred on industrial forms of production, labour markets remained relatively stable, as the economy shifted to its post-industrial service-based forms in the late 1970s and 1980s, the occupational structures and the supply of labour fell out of kilter, causing unemployment to rise in former industrial areas such as South Wales and North East England. ‘Jobs for life’ were often replaced by low-paid, casualized and ‘flexible’ labour, and the growth of these forms of employment have contributed to increased labour market divisions and problems. We show how the 2007–8 global financial crisis, austerity, Brexit and the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated divisions and inequalities, influencing the crisis of work.
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