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Chapter 1 examines the relation between reactionary humour and subversive humour. The chapter begins by outlining Plato and Aristotle’s ethics of humour. Despite their philosophical differences, both thinkers warn us about humour at the same time as they seek to harness its power for their own ends. The key question they raise – where do we draw the line between good-natured humour and outright offence? – is one that preoccupies philosophers to this day. Some offer a bleaker answer than others. For Freud, humour provides an insight into our unwholesome appetites and aggressive instincts. Post-Freudian philosophers have sought to paint humour in a more positive, emancipatory light. But, as the chapter shows, it’s impossible to clearly demarcate between conservative humour and rebellious humour, between humour that reinforces our existing prejudices and humour that shatters our common-sense assumptions. What jokes want to do, more than anything else, is to kick up a stink and make us laugh – and the surest way to do this is to violate our moral sentiments, albeit with a nod and a wink.

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The Trouble with Jokes
Humour and Offensiveness in Contemporary Culture and Politics
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