This chapter situates the book within existing knowledge of intersectionality, and more specifically within knowledge of intersectionality’s operationalization. The latter is discussed in distinct and yet related fields of practice (public policy, social movements and the NGO sector), as well as key ‘issues in practice’ which are particularly relevant to the study of intersectionality in the NGO sector: representation, and coalition and solidarity. The chapter provides a rationale for the research, one motivation for which is that there is debate about what intersectionality is and means among scholars, suggesting that there is no one agreed meaning among practitioners either. Gaps in knowledge are identified, including intersectionality’s operationalization in the NGO sector, in the UK context, and how practitioners themselves understand intersectionality. Key debates within intersectionality studies are utilized to establish the parameters of how intersectionality is employed as a framework throughout the book.
Afridi, Asif, and Joy Warmington. 2009. The Pied Piper. Birmingham: brap.
Ahmed, Sara. 2006. ‘The Nonperformativity of Antiracism.’ Meridians 7 (1): 104–126.
Ahmed, Sara. 2012. On Being Included: Racism and Diversity in Institutional Life. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Ahmed, Sara. 2015. ‘Women of Colour as Diversity Workers.’ Feministkilljoys (blog), 26 November. https://feministkilljoys.com/2015/11/26/women-of-colour-as-diversity-workers/
Alabanza, Travis. 2020. ‘Janelle Monae Reminds Us That Non-Binary Does Not Equal White.’ Metro News. 18 January. https://metro.co.uk/2020/01/18/janelle-monae-reminds-us-that-non-binary-does-not-equal-white-12077252/
Alcoff, Linda Martín. 1992. ‘The Problem of Speaking for Others.’ Cultural Critique 20: 5–32.
Alexander-Floyd, Nikol G. 2012. ‘Disappearing Acts: Reclaiming Intersectionality in the Social Sciences in a Post-Black Feminist Era.’ Feminist Formations 24 (1): 1–25.
Amos, Valerie, Gail Lewis, Amina Mama, and Pratibha Parmar. 1984. ‘Editorial.’ Feminist Review 17: 1–2.
Anthias, Floya. 1993. Racialized Boundaries: Race, Nation, Gender, Colour and Class and the Anti-Racist Struggle. London: Routledge.
Atkinson, Paul, and Amanda Coffey. 2004. ‘Analysing Documentary Realities.’ In Qualitative Research: Theory, Method and Practice, edited by David Silverman, second edition, 56–75. London: SAGE.
Aultman, B. Lee. 2014. ‘Cisgender.’ TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly 1 (1–2): 61–62.
Babouri, Electra. 2014. ‘An Introduction to How Intersectionality Relates to Equality and Human Rights.’ In Intersections Research Project, HEAR Network. London: London Voluntary Service Council.
Bassel, Leah, and Akwugo Emejulu. 2010. ‘Struggles for Institutional Space in France and the United Kingdom: Intersectionality and the Politics of Policy.’ Politics & Gender 6 (4): 517–544.
Bassel, Leah, and Akwugo Emejulu. 2014. ‘Solidarity under Austerity: Intersectionality in France and the United Kingdom.’ Politics & Gender 10 (1): 130–136.
Bassel, Leah, and Akwugo Emejulu. 2017. Minority Women and Austerity: Survival and Resistance in France and Britain. Bristol: Policy Press.
Beaman, Jean, and Nadia E. Brown. 2019. ‘Sistas Doing it for Themselves: Black Women’s Activism and Black Lives Matter in the U.S. and France.’ In Gendered Mobilizations and Intersectional Challenges: Contemporary Social Movements in Europe and North America, edited by Jill A. Irvine, Sabine Lang, and Celeste Montoya, 226–243. London: ECPR Press.
Beltrán, Ramona, and Gita Mehrotra. 2015. ‘Honoring Our Intellectual Ancestors: A Feminist of Color Treaty for Creating Allied Collaboration.’ Affilia 30 (1): 106–116.
Benhabib, Seyla. 2002. The Claims of Culture: Equality and Diversity in the Global Era. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Bey, Marquis. 2023. ‘Insurgent Trans Study: Radical Trans Feminism Meets Intersectionality.’ In The Routledge Companion to Intersectionalities, edited by Jennifer C. Nash and Samantha Pinto, 335–344. London: Routledge.
Bhambra, Gurminder K. 2017. ‘Brexit, Trump, and “Methodological Whiteness”: On the Misrecognition of Race and Class.’ The British Journal of Sociology 68 (S1): S214–232.
Bhavnani, Reena. 2005. Tackling the Roots of Racism: Lessons for Success. Bristol: Policy Press.
Bilge, Sirma. 2013. ‘Intersectionality Undone: Saving Intersectionality from Feminist Studies.’ Du Bois Review 10 (2): 405–424.
Bilge, Sirma. 2016. ‘Theoretical Coalitions and Multi-Issue Activism.’ In Decolonizing Sexualities: Transnational Perspectives Critical Interventions, edited by Sandeep Bakshi, Suhraiya Jivraj, and Silvia Posocco, 102–117. Oxford: Counterpress.
Bishwakarma, Ramu, Valerie H. Hunt, and Anna Zajicek. 2008. ‘Beyond One-Dimensional Policy Frameworks: A Practical Guide for an Intersectional Policy Analysis.’ Himalaya Research Bulletin 27 (1–2): 19–30.
Black Girl Dangerous. 2015. ‘How to Tell the Difference Between Real Solidarity and “Ally Theater”.’ November. www.bgdblog.org/2015/11/the-difference-between-real-solidarity-and-ally-theatre/
Boucher, Lisa. 2018. ‘Radical Visions, Structural Constraints: Challenges to Anti-oppressive Practice in Feminist Organizations.’ Affilia – Journal of Women and Social Work 33 (1): 24–38.
Bowes, Lindsey, James Evans, Tej Nathwani, Guy Birkin, Andy Boyd, Craig Holmes, Liz Thomas, and Stephen Jones. 2015. Understanding Progression into Higher Education for Disadvantaged and Under-Represented Groups, BIS Research Paper Number 229. London: Department for Business, Innovation and Skills.
Bowleg, Lisa. 2008. ‘When Black + lesbian + woman ≠ Black lesbian woman: The Methodological Challenges of Qualitative and Quantitative Intersectionality Research.’ Sex Roles 59: 312–325.
Bowleg, Lisa. 2020. ‘We’re Not All in This Together: On COVID-19, Intersectionality, and Structural Inequality.’ American Journal of Public Health 110 (7): 917.
Bowleg, Lisa. 2021. ‘Evolving Intersectionality within Public Health: From Analysis to Action.’ American Journal of Public Health 111 (1): 88–90.
Brewer, Rose M. 2011. ‘Black Women’s Studies: From Theory to Transformative Practice.’ Socialism and Democracy 25 (1): 146–156.
Broad-Wright, Kendal. 2017. ‘Social Movement Intersectionality and Re-centring Intersectional Activism.’ Atlantis: Critical Studies in Gender, Culture & Social Justice 38 (1): 41–53.
Bryman, Alan. 2012. Social Research Methods, fourth edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Byrne, Bridget, Claire Alexander, Omar Khan, James Nazro, and William Shankley, eds. 2020. Ethnicity and Race in the UK: State of the Nation, first edition. Bristol: Bristol University Press.
Cabinet Office. 2007. Fairness and Freedom: The Final Report of the Equalities Review. London: Cabinet Office.
Cabinet Office. 2015. ‘Equalities.’ https://web.archive.org/web/20150917024836/http://www.redtapechallenge.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/themehome/equalities-act/
Campbell, Fiona. 2014. ‘The Anti-Racism “Industry”: A Case Study of the Perspectives of Those Working in the “Race” Sector in Scotland.’ PhD thesis. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.
Cantle, Ted. 2001. Community Cohesion: A Report of the Independent Review Team. London: Home Office.
Carastathis, Anna. 2016. Intersectionality: Origins, Contestations, Horizons. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
Carbado, Devon W. 2013. ‘Colorblind Intersectionality.’ Signs: Journal of Women and Culture in Society 38 (4): 811–845.
Case, Kim. 2017. Intersectional Pedagogy: Complicating Identity and Social Justice. New York: Routledge.
CEMVO (Council for Ethnic Minority Voluntary Organisations). 2010. The Impact of the Economic Downturn on BME VCOs. London: CEMVO.
Center for Intersectional Justice. 2018. ‘FAQ.’ www.intersectionaljustice.org/faq
centred. 2014. The London Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer Voluntary and Community Sector Almanac, third edition. London: centred.
Chan, Christian D. 2018. ‘Families as Transformative Allies to Trans Youth of Color: Positioning Intersectionality as Analysis to Demarginalize Political Systems of Oppression.’ Journal of GLBT Family Studies, February, 43–60.
Chaney, Paul. 2012a. ‘New Legislative Settings and the Application of the Participative-Democratic Model of Mainstreaming Equality in Public Policy Making: Evidence from the UK’s Devolution Programme.’ Policy Studies 33 (5): 455–476.
Chaney, Paul. 2012b. ‘Quasi-Federalism and the Administration of Equality and Human Rights: Recent Developments and Future Prospects – a Preliminary Analysis from the UK’s Devolution Programme.’ Public Policy and Administration 27 (1): 69–88.
Cheek, Julianne. 2004. ‘At the Margins? Discourse Analysis and Qualitative Research.’ Qualitative Health Research 14 (8): 1140–1150.
Childs, Sarah. 2004. ‘A Feminised Style of Politics? Women MPs in the House of Commons.’ The British Journal of Politics and International Relations 6 (1): 3–19.
Childs, Sarah. 2008. Women and British Party Politics: Descriptive, Substantive and Symbolic Representation. London: Routledge.
Cho, Sumi, Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw, and Leslie McCall. 2013. ‘Toward a Field of Intersectionality Studies: Theory, Applications, and Praxis.’ Signs 38 (4): 785–810.
Choo, Hae Yeon, and Myra Marx Ferree. 2010. ‘Practicing Intersectionality in Sociological Research: A Critical Analysis of Inclusions, Interactions, and Institutions in the Study of Inequalities.’ Sociological Theory 28 (2): 129–149.
Christoffersen, Ashlee. 2017. Intersectional Approaches to Equality Research and Data. London: Equality Challenge Unit.
Christoffersen, Ashlee. 2018a. Intersectional Approaches to Equality and Diversity in Higher Education. London: Equality Challenge Unit.
Christoffersen, Ashlee. 2018b. ‘Researching Intersectionality: Ethical Issues.’ Ethics and Social Welfare 12 (4): 414–21.
Christoffersen, Ashlee. 2019. ‘Are We All “Baskets of Characteristics?” Intersectional Slippages and the Displacement of Race in English and Scottish Equality Policy.’ In The Palgrave Handbook of Intersectionality in Public Policy, edited by Olena Hankivsky and Julia S. Jordan-Zachery, 705–732. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Christoffersen, Ashlee. 2020a. ‘Barriers to Operationalizing Intersectionality in Equality Third Sector Community Development Practice: Power, Austerity, and in/Equality.’ Community Development Journal 55 (1): 139–158.
Christoffersen, Ashlee. 2020b. ‘Race, Intersectionality and Covid-19,’ Discover Society (blog), 15 May. https://discoversociety.org/2020/05/15/race-intersectionality-and-covid-19/
Christoffersen, Ashlee. 2021a. ‘The Politics of Intersectional Practice: Competing Concepts of Intersectionality.’ Policy & Politics 49 (4): 573–593.
Christoffersen, Ashlee. 2021b. ‘Operationalising Intersectionality in COVID-19 Recovery.’ The International Public Policy Observatory (IPPO) (blog), 11 August. https://covidandsociety.com/operationalising-intersectionality-covid-19-recovery/
Christoffersen, Ashlee. 2022. ‘Is Intersectional Racial Justice Organizing Possible? Confronting Generic Intersectionality.’ Ethnic and Racial Studies 45 (3): 407–430.
Christoffersen, Ashlee. 2024. ‘The Whiteness of “Sex Discrimination”: Theorising White Feminist Ideology in Politics.’ European Journal of Politics and Gender. https://doi.org/10.1332/25151088Y2023D000000010
Christoffersen, Ashlee, and Annette Behrens. 2014. Intersectionality Literature Review. London: centred.
Christoffersen, Ashlee, and Akwugo Emejulu. 2023. ‘“Diversity Within”: The Problems with “Intersectional” White Feminism in Practice.’ Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society 30 (2): 630–653.
Christoffersen, Ashlee and McCabe, Leah. Forthcoming, in press. ‘Operationalising Intersectionality in Equality and Domestic Abuse Policy in Scotland: Contradictions, Contestations and Erasure.’ Critical Social Policy.
Chun, Jennifer Jihye, George Lipsitz, and Shin Young. 2013. ‘Intersectionality as a Social Movement Strategy: Asian Immigrant Women Advocates.’ Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 38 (4): 917–940.
Ciccia, Rossella, and Conny Roggeband. 2021. ‘Unpacking Intersectional Solidarity: Dimensions of Power in Coalitions.’ European Journal of Politics and Gender 4 (2): 181–198.
Close the Gap. 2010. Close the Gap Single Equality Duty Consultation. Edinburgh: Scottish Government.
Close the Gap. n.d. Still Not Visible: Research on Black and Minority Ethnic Women’s Experiences of Employment in Scotland. Scotland: Close the Gap.
Close the Gap, Engender, Equate Scotland, Rape Crisis Scotland, Scottish Women’s Aid, Women 50:50, and Zero Tolerance. 2017. ‘Statement in Support of the Equal Recognition Campaign.’ Zero Tolerance. www.zero tolerance.org.uk/news/statement-support-equal-recognition-campaign
Cohen, Cathy J. 2005. ‘Punks, Bulldaggers, and Welfare Queens: The Radical Potential of Queer Politics?’ In Black Queer Studies: A Critical Anthology, edited by E. Patrick Johnson and Mae G. Henderson, 21–51. New York: Duke University Press.
Cole, Elizabeth. 2008. ‘Coalitions as a Model for Intersectionality: From Practice to Theory.’ Sex Roles 59 (5): 443–453.
Colgan, Fiona, Chrissy Hunter, and Aidan McKearney. 2014. Staying Alive: The Impact of ‘Austerity Cuts’ on the LGBT Voluntary and Community Sector (VCS) in England and Wales. London: TUC.
Collins, Patricia Hill. 1990. Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness and the Politics of Empowerment. New York: Routledge.
Collins, Patricia Hill. 2014. ‘Black Feminist Epistemology.’ In Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment, second edition, 251–271. New York: Routledge.
Collins, Patricia Hill. 2015. ‘Intersectionality’s Definitional Dilemmas.’ Annual Review of Sociology 41: 1–20.
Collins, Patricia Hill. 2019a. ‘The Difference that Power Makes: Intersectionality and Participatory Democracy.’ In The Palgrave Handbook of Intersectionality in Public Policy, edited by Olena Hankivsky and Julia S. Jordan-Zachery, 167–192. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Collins, Patricia Hill. 2019b. Intersectionality as Critical Social Theory. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Collins, Patricia Hill, and Sirma Bilge. 2016. Intersectionality, first edition. Cambridge: Polity.
Combahee River Collective. 1977. Combahee River Collective Statement. US: Combahee River Collective.
Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. 2017. Concluding Observations. Geneva: Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
Cooper, Anna Julia. 1892. A Voice from the South. Xenia, OH: The Aldine Printing House.
Cooper, Davina. 2004. Challenging Diversity: Rethinking Equality and the Value of Difference. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Coulthard, Glen Sean. 2014. Red Skin, White Masks: Rejecting the Colonial Politics of Recognition. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Cowan, Sharon. 2004. ‘“That Woman Is a Woman!” the Case of Bellinger v. Bellinger and the Mysterious (Dis)Appearance of Sex: Bellinger v. Bellinger [2003] 2 All E.R. 593; [2003] F.C.R. 1; [2003] 2 W.L.R. 1174; [2003] UKHL 21.’ Feminist Legal Studies 12 (1): 79–92.
Cowan, Sharon. 2005. ‘“Gender Is No Substitute for Sex”: A Comparative Human Rights Analysis of the Legal Regulation of Sexual Identity.’ Feminist Legal Studies 13 (1): 67–96.
Cowan, Sharon. 2009. ‘Looking Back (To)Wards the Body: Medicalization and the GRA.’ Social & Legal Studies 18 (2): 247–252.
Cowan, Sharon. 2013. ‘“We Walk Among You”: Trans Identity Politics Goes to the Movies.’ Canadian Journal of Women and the Law 21 (1): 91–117.
Cowan, Sharon. 2016. ‘Sex/Gender Equality: Taking a Break from the Legal to Transform the Social.’ In Exploring the ‘Legal’ in Socio-Legal Studies, edited by David Cowan and Daniel Wincott, 115–134. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
Cowan, Sharon, and Gillian Calder. 2013. ‘Re-Imagining Equality: Meaning and Movement.’ University of Edinburgh, School of Law, Working Papers.
Craig, Gary. 2011. ‘Forward to the Past: Can the UK Black and Minority Ethnic Third Sector Survive?’ Voluntary Sector Review 2 (3): 367–389.
Crenshaw, Kimberlé Williams. 1989. ‘Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics.’ University of Chicago Legal Forum Vol. 1989, Article 8: 139–168.
Crenshaw, Kimberlé Williams. 1991. ‘Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Colour.’ Stanford Law Review 43 (6): 1241–1299.
Crenshaw, Kimberlé Williams. 2011. ‘Postscript.’ In Framing Intersectionality: Debates on a Multi-Faceted Concept in Gender Studies, edited by Helma Lutz, Maria Teresa Herrera Vivar and Linda Supik, 221–233. Burlington, VT: Ashgate.
Crenshaw, Kimberlé Williams. 2015. ‘Why Intersectionality Can’t Wait.’ Washington Post, 24 September. www.washingtonpost.com/news/in-theory/wp/2015/09/24/why-intersectionality-cant-wait/
Crowder, Chaya. 2022. ‘Doing More Than Thanking Black Women: The Influence of Intersectional Solidarity on Public Support for Policies.’ Journal of Women, Politics & Policy 44 (2): 186–205.
Cruells, Marta López, and Sonia Ruiz García. 2014. ‘Political Intersectionality within the Spanish Indignados Social Movement.’ Research in Social Movements, Conflicts and Change 37: 3–25.
Curry, Tommy J. 2017. The Man-Not: Race, Class, Genre, and the Dilemmas of Black Manhood. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
D’Agostino, Serena. 2021. ‘(In)visible Mobilizations: Romani Women’s Intersectional Activisms in Romania and Bulgaria.’ Politics, Groups, and Identities 9 (1): 170–189.
de Jong, Sara. 2017. Complicit Sisters Gender and Women’s Issues across North-South Divides. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Department for Work and Pensions. 2012. Equality Impact Assessment of the Innovation Fund. London: DWP.
Dhamoon, Rita Kaur. 2011. ‘Considerations on Mainstreaming Intersectionality.’ Political Research Quarterly 64 (1): 230–243.
Dhamoon, Rita Kaur. 2023. ‘Journeys of Intersectionality: Contingency and Collision.’ In The Routledge Companion to Intersectionalities, edited by Jennifer C. Nash and Samantha Pinto, 161–173. London: Routledge.
Dovi, Suzanne. 2002. ‘Preferable Descriptive Representatives: Will Just Any Woman, Black, or Latino Do?’ American Political Science Review 96 (4): 729–743.
DRILL. 2020. ‘Services for Who? The experiences of disabled people with other characteristics when accessing services.’ DRILL. www.drilluk.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Services-for-who-final-report-1.pdf
Dursun, Ayşe. 2022. Organized Muslim Women in Turkey: An Intersectional Approach to Building Women’s Coalitions. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
Dwidar, Maraam A. 2022. ‘Coalitional Lobbying and Intersectional Representation in American Rulemaking.’ American Political Science Review 116 (1): 301–321.
Edwards, Rosalind. 1990. ‘Connecting Method and Epistemology: A White Women Interviewing Black Women.’ Women’s Studies International Forum 13 (5): 477–490.
Emejulu, Akwugo. 2011. ‘Re-theorizing Feminist Community Development: Towards a Radical Democratic Citizenship.’ Community Development Journal 46 (3): 378–390.
Emejulu, Akwugo. 2014. ‘Institutionalizing Intersectionality: The Changing Nature of European Equality Regimes Book Review.’ Ethnic and Racial Studies 37 (10): 1922–1923.
Emejulu, Akwugo. 2015. Community Development as Micropolitics: Comparing Theories, Policies and Politics in America and Britain. Bristol: Policy Press.
Emejulu, Akwugo. 2022. Fugitive Feminism .London: Silver Press.
Emejulu, Akwugo, and Edward Scanlon. 2016. ‘Community Development and the Politics for Social Welfare: Rethinking Redistribution and Recognition Struggles in the United States.’ Community Development Journal 51 (1): 42–59.
Emejulu, Akwugo, and Leah Bassel. 2018. ‘Austerity and the Politics of Becoming.’ Journal of Common Market Studies Annual Review 56 (S1): 109–119.
Emejulu, Akwugo, and Leah Bassel. 2020. ‘The Politics of Exhaustion.’ CITY: Analysis of Urban Trends, Culture and Theory 24 (1–2): 400–406.
Emejulu, Akwugo, and Inez van der Scheer. 2021. ‘Refusing Politics as Usual: Mapping Women of Colour’s Radical Praxis in London and Amsterdam.’ Identities 29 (1): 9–26.
Engender. 2014. Gender Equality and Scotland’s Constitutional Futures. Edinburgh: Engender.
English, Ashley E. 2019. ‘She Who Shall Not be Named: The Women that Women’s Organizations Do (and Do Not) Represent in the Rulemaking Process.’ Politics and Gender 15 (3): 574–598.
Equal Rights Trust. 2016. ‘Interview: Kimberlé Crenshaw and Patricia Schulz on Intersectionality.’ 19 April. www.equalrightstrust.org/news/interview-kimberl%C3%A9-crenshaw-and-patricia-schulz-intersectionality
Equality and Human Rights Commission. 2009a. Disabled People’s Experiences of Targeted Violence and Hostility. Manchester: EHRC.
Equality and Human Rights Commission. 2009b. Trans Research Review. Manchester: EHRC.
Equality and Human Rights Commission. 2010. Refugees and Asylum Seekers: A Review from an Equality and Human Rights Perspective. Manchester: EHRC.
Equality and Human Rights Commission. 2012a. Attitudes Measurement Framework Series Briefing Paper No. 1. Manchester: EHRC.
Equality and Human Rights Commission. 2012b. Individual, Family and Social Life Measurement Framework Series Briefing Paper No. 2. Manchester: EHRC.
Equality and Human Rights Commission. 2012c. Publishing Equality Information: Commitment, Engagement and Transparency. Manchester: EHRC.
Equality and Human Rights Commission. 2013. Assessment of the Publication of Equality Objectives by English Public Authorities .Manchester: EHRC.
Equality and Human Rights Commission. 2015a. Is Britain Fairer? Manchester: EHRC.
Equality and Human Rights Commission. 2015b. Is Britain Fairer Evidence Paper Series: Methodology Paper. Manchester: EHRC.
Equality and Human Rights Commission. 2016a. Equality Measurement Framework. Manchester: EHRC.
Equality and Human Rights Commission. 2017. Public Authorities’ Performance in Meeting the Scottish Specific Equality Duties 2017: Measuring Up? Report 7 .Manchester: EHRC.
Equality and Human Rights Commission. 2018a. Effectiveness of the PSED Specific Duties in Scotland .Manchester: EHRC.
Equality and Human Rights Commission. 2018b. Pressing for Progress: Women’s Rights and Gender Equality in 2018 .Manchester: EHRC.
Equality and Human Rights Commission. 2018c. Reviewing the Aims and Effectiveness of the Public Sector Equality Duty (PSED) in Great Britain. Manchester: EHRC.
Equality and Human Rights Commission Scotland. 2013. Measuring Up? Monitoring Public Authorities Performance against the Scottish Specific Equality Duties. Edinburgh: EHRC Scotland.
Equality Network. 2016. Including Intersectional Identities: Guidance on Including Intersectional LGBTI People in Services. Edinburgh: Equality Network.
Evans, Elizabeth. 2015. The Politics of Third Wave Feminisms: Neoliberalism, Intersectionality, and the State in Britain and the US. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
Evans, Elizabeth. 2016a. ‘Feminist Allies and Strategic Partners: Exploring the Relationship between the Women’s Movement and Political Parties.’ Party Politics 22 (5): 631–640.
Evans, Elizabeth. 2016b. ‘Intersectionality as Feminist Praxis in the UK.’ Women’s Studies International Forum 59: 67–75.
Evans, Elizabeth. 2022. ‘Political Intersectionality and Disability Activism: Approaching and Understanding Difference and Unity.’ The Sociological Review 70 (5): 986–1004.
Evans, Elizabeth and Éléonore Lépinard, E. eds. 2020. Intersectionality in Feminist and Queer Movements: Confronting Privileges. Abingdon: Routledge.
Fraser, Nancy. 1997. Justice Interruptus: Critical Reflections on the ‘Postsocialist’ Condition. New York: Routledge.
Freeman, Richard. 2006. ‘The Work the Document Does: Research, Policy, and Equity in Health.’ Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 31 (1): 51.
Freeman, Richard. 2019. ‘Meeting, Talk and Text: Policy and Politics in Practice.’ Policy & Politics 47 (2): 371–388.
Freeman, Richard, and Jo Maybin. 2011. ‘Documents, Practices and Policy.’ Evidence & Policy 7 (2): 155–170.
Freeman, Richard, and Steven Sturdy. 2015. ‘Knowledge and Policy in Research and Practice.’ In Knowledge in Policy: Embodied, Inscribed, Enacted, edited by Richard Freeman and Steven Sturdy, 201–218. Bristol: Policy Press.
Freeman, Richard, Steven Griggs, and Annette Boaz. 2011. ‘The Practice of Policy Making.’ Evidence and Policy 7 (2): 127–136.
Garbasz, Yishay. 2015. “We Have to Think Intersectionally”: Yishay Garbasz on the Politics of Allyship and Solidarity.’ Versobooks.com. www.versobooks.com/blogs/2309-we-have-to-think-intersectionally-yishay-garbasz-on-the-politics-of-allyship-and-solidarity
Gedalof, Irene. 2013. ‘Sameness and Difference in Government Equality Talk.’ Ethnic and Racial Studies 36 (1): 117–135.
Glasius, Marlies, and Armine Ishkanian. 2015. ‘Surreptitious Symbiosis: Engagement between Activists and NGOs.’ VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations 26 (6): 2620–2644.
Government Equalities Office. 2018. National LGBT Survey: Research Report. Manchester: Government Equalities Office.
Government Equalities Office. 2019. Gender Equality Monitor. London: HM Government.
Hancock, Ange-Marie Alfaro. 2007. ‘When Multiplication Doesn’t Equal Quick Addition: Examining Intersectionality as a Research Paradigm.’ Perspectives on Politics 5 (1): 63–78.
Hancock, Ange-Marie Alfaro. 2011. Solidarity Politics for Millennials: A Guide to Ending the Oppression Olympics. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Hancock, Ange-Marie Alfaro. 2013. ‘Empirical Intersectionality: A Tale of Two Approaches.’ UC Irvine Law Review 3: 259–296.
Hancock, Ange-Marie Alfaro. 2014. ‘Intersectional Representation or Representing Intersectionality?: Reshaping Empirical Analysis of Intersectionality.’ In Representation: The Case of Women, edited by Maria C. Escobar-Lemmon and Michelle M. Taylor-Robinson, 41–57. New York: Oxford University Press.
Hancock, Ange-Marie Alfaro. 2016. Intersectionality: An Intellectual History. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hankivsky, Olena. 2005. ‘Gender Mainstreaming vs. Diversity Mainstreaming: A Preliminary Examination of the Role and Transformative Potential of Feminist Theory.’ Canadian Journal of Political Science 38 (4): 977–1001.
Hankivsky, Olena. 2011. Health Inequities in Canada: Intersectional Frameworks and Practices. Vancouver: UBC Press.
Hankivsky, Olena, ed. 2012. An Intersectionality Based Policy Analysis Framework. Vancouver: Institute for Intersectionality Research and Policy.
Hankivsky, Olena, and Ashlee Christoffersen. 2008. ‘Intersectionality and the Determinants of Health: A Canadian Perspective.’ Critical Public Health 18 (3): 271–283.
Hankivsky, Olena, and Ashlee Christoffersen. 2011. ‘Gender Mainstreaming in the United Kingdom: Current Issues and Future Challenges.’ British Politics 6: 30–51.
Hankivsky, Olena, and Renée Cormier. 2011. ‘Intersectionality and Public Policy: Some Lessons from Existing Models.’ Political Research Quarterly 64 (1): 217–229.
Hankivsky, Olena, and Julia S. Jordan-Zachery. 2019a. ‘Introduction: Bringing Intersectionality to Public Policy.’ In The Palgrave Handbook of Intersectionality in Public Policy, edited by Olena Hankivsky and Julia S. Jordan-Zachery, 1–28. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Hankivsky, Olena, and Julia S. Jordan-Zachery, eds. 2019b. The Palgrave Handbook of Intersectionality in Public Policy, first edition. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Hankivsky, Olena, and Anuj Kapilashrami. 2020a. ‘Intersectionality Offers a Radical Rethinking of Covid-19.’ The British Medical Journal (blog), 15 May. https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2020/05/15/intersectionality-offers-a-radical-rethinking-of-covid-19/
Hankivsky, Olena, and Anuj Kapilashrami. 2020b. ‘Beyond Sex and Gender Analysis: An Intersectional View of the COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak and Response.’ Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, 31 March. https://mspgh.unimelb.edu.au/news-and-events/beyond-sex-and-gender-analysis-an-intersectional-view-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-outbreak-and-response
Hankivsky, Olena, Daniel Grace, Gemma Hunting, Melissa Giesbrecht, Alycia Fridkin, Sarah Rudrum, Olivier Ferlatte, and Natalie Clark. 2014. ‘An Intersectionality-Based Policy Analysis Framework: Critical Reflections on a Methodology for Advancing Equity.’ International Journal for Equity in Health 13: 119.
Hankivsky, Olena, Diego de Merich, and Ashlee Christoffersen. 2019. ‘Equalities “Devolved”: Experiences in Mainstreaming across the UK Devolved Powers Post-Equality Act 2010.’ British Politics 14 (2): 141–161.
Hartman, Saidiya. 2008. Lose Your Mother: A Journey Along the Atlantic Slave Route, reprint edition. New York: Farrar Straus Giroux.
Hemmings, Clare. 2012. ‘Affective Solidarity: Feminist Reflexivity and Political Transformation.’ Feminist Theory 13 (2): 147–161.
Hepple, Bob. 2010. ‘The New Single Equality Act.’ Equal Rights Review 5: 11–24.
Hermanin, Costanza, and Judith Squires. 2012. ‘Institutionalizing Intersectionality in the “Big Three”: The Changing Equality Framework in France, Germany and Britain.’ In Institutionalizing Intersectionality: The Changing Nature of European Equality Regimes, edited by Andrea Krizsan, Hege Skjeie, and Judith Squires, 89–118. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Heyes, Cressida J. 2003. ‘Feminist Solidarity after Queer Theory: The Case of Transgender.’ Signs 28 (4): 1093–1120.
Hines, Sally. 2019. ‘The Feminist Frontier: On Trans and Feminism.’ Journal of Gender Studies 28 (2): 145–157.
Hines, Sally, Zowie Davy, Surya Monro, Joz Motmans, Ana Cristina Santos, and Janneke Van Der Ros. 2018. ‘Introduction to the Themed Issue: Trans* Policy, Practice and Lived Experience within a European Context.’ Critical Social Policy 38 (1): 5–12.
HM Government. 2023. Equality Hub. www.gov.uk/government/organisations/the-equality-hub
Hoggett, Paul. 2008. The Dilemmas of Development Work: Ethical Challenges in Regeneration. Bristol: Policy Press.
Howard, Jo, and Violeta Vajda. 2017. Navigating Power and Intersectionality to Address Inequality. Vol. 2017. IDS Working Paper 504. Sussex: IDS.
Inclusion Scotland, Engender, Close the Gap, CRER, Equality Network, LGBT Youth Scotland, Scottish Women’s Aid, Scottish Women’s Convention, Stonewall Scotland, and Health and Social Care Alliance. 2017. The Socio-Economic Duty: A Consultation Equality Sector Response. Scotland.
Irvine, Jill A., Sabine Lang, and Celeste Montoya. 2019a. Gendered Mobilizations and Intersectional Challenges: Contemporary Social Movements in Europe and North America. London: ECPR Press.
Irvine, Jill A., Sabine Lang, and Celeste Montoya. 2019b. ‘Introduction’. In Gendered Mobilizations and Intersectional Challenges: Contemporary Social Movements in Europe and North America, 1–22. London: ECPR Press.
Ishkanian, Armine, and Irum S. Ali. 2018. ‘From Consensus to Dissensus: The Politics of Anti-austerity Activism in London and Its Relationship to Voluntary Organizations.’ Journal of Civil Society 14 (1): 1–19.
Ishkanian, Armine, and Anita Peña Saavedra. 2019. ‘The Politics and Practices of Intersectional Prefiguration in Social Movements: The Case of Sisters Uncut.’ The Sociological Review 67 (5): 985–1001.
Johnson, Julia R. 2013. ‘Cisgender Privilege, Intersectionality, and the Criminalization of CeCe McDonald: Why Intercultural Communication Needs Transgender Studies.’ Journal of International and Intercultural Communication 6 (2): 135–144.
Jones, Stephen H., Therese O’ Toole, Daniel Nilsson Dehanas, Tariq Modood, and Nasar Meer. 2015. ‘A “System of Self-appointed Leaders”? Examining Modes of Muslim Representation in Governance in Britain.’ British Journal of Politics & International Relations 17 (2): 207–223.
Jordan-Zachery, Julia S. 2007. ‘Am I a Black Woman or a Woman Who Is Black? A Few Thoughts on the Meaning of Intersectionality.’ Politics & Gender 3 (2): 254–263.
Jordan-Zachery, Julia S. 2013. ‘Now You See Me, Now You Don’t: My Political Fight against the Invisibility/Erasure of Black Women in Intersectionality Research.’ Politics, Groups, and Identities 1 (1): 101–109.
Jordan-Zachery, Julia S. 2017. Shadow Bodies: Black Women, Ideology, Representation, and Politics. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Kairos in Soho. 2011. The London Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Voluntary and Community Sector Almanac 1st Edition. London: Kairos in Soho.
Kairos in Soho. 2012. The London Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Voluntary and Community Sector Almanac 2nd Edition. Edited by Ashlee Christoffersen. London: Kairos in Soho.
Kantola, Johanna, and Kevät Nousiainen. 2012. ‘The European Union: Initiator of a New European Anti-Discrimination Regime?’ In Institutionalizing Intersectionality: The Changing Nature of European Equality Regimes, edited by Andrea Krizsan, Hege Skjeie, and Judith Squires, 33–58. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Kapilashrami, Anuj, Sarah Hill, and Nasar Meer. 2015. ‘What Can Health Inequalities Researchers Learn from an Intersectionality Perspective? Understanding Social Dynamics with an Inter-Categorical Approach.’ Social Theory & Health 13 (3/4): 288–307.
Kelliher, Diarmaid. 2018. ‘Historicising Geographies of Solidarity.’ Geography Compass 12 (9): e12399.
Knapp, Gudrun-Axeli. 2005. ‘Race, Class, Gender: Reclaiming Baggage in Fast Travelling Theories.’ European Journal of Women’s Studies 12 (3): 249–265.
Kolers, Avery. 2016. A Moral Theory of Solidarity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Koyama, Emi. 2003. ‘The Transfeminist Manifesto.’ In Catching a Wave: Reclaiming Feminism for the 21st Century, edited by Rory Cooke Dicker and Alison Piepmeier, 244–259. Boston, MA: Northeastern University Press.
Krizsan, Andrea, Hege Skjeie, and Judith Squires. 2012a. ‘European Equality Regimes: Institutional Change and Political Intersectionality.’ In Institutionalizing Intersectionality: The Changing Nature of European Equality Regimes, edited by Andrea Krizsan, Hege Skjeie, and Judith Squires, 209–239. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Krizsan, Andrea, Hege Skjeie, and Judith Squires. 2012b. ‘Institutionalizing Intersectionality: A Theoretical Framework.’ In Institutionalizing Intersectionality: The Changing Nature of European Equality Regimes, edited by Andrea Krizsan, Hege Skjeie, and Judith Squires, 1–32. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Krizsan, Andrea, Hege Skjeie, and Judith Squires, eds. 2012c. Institutionalizing Intersectionality: The Changing Nature of European Equality Regimes. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
La Barbera, MariaCaterina, Julia Espinosa-Fajardo, and Paloma Caravantes. 2022. ‘Implementing Intersectionality in Public Policies: Key Factors in the Madrid City Council, Spain.’ Politics & Gender, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1743923X22000241
Laperriere, Marie, and Éléonore Lépinard. 2016. ‘Intersectionality as a Tool for Social Movements: Strategies of Inclusion and Representation in the Quebecois Women’s Movement.’ Politics 36 (4): 374–382.
Larasi, Marai. 2011. ‘Policy: Silence Is Not an Option.’ Race on the Agenda Supplement. www.rota.org.uk/sites/default/files/webfm/supplement/supplement_issue2_011_all_web.pdf
Lennon, Erica, and Brian J. Mistler. 2014. ‘Cisgenderism.’ TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly 1 (1–2): 63–64.
Lépinard, Éléonore. 2014. ‘Doing Intersectionality: Repertoires of Feminist Practices in France and Canada.’ Gender and Society 28 (6): 877–903.
Lépinard, Éléonore. 2020. Feminist Trouble: Intersectional Politics in Post-Secular Times. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lewis, Gail. 2005. ‘Welcome to the Margins: Diversity, Tolerance, and Policies of Exclusion.’ Ethnic and Racial Studies 28 (3): 536–558.
Lewis, Gail. 2013. ‘Unsafe Travel: Experiencing Intersectionality and Feminist Displacements.’ Signs 38 (4): 869–892.
Lewis, Gail. 2017. ‘Questions of Presence.’ Feminist Review 117 (1): 1–19.
Lovenduski, Joni. 2005. Feminizing Politics. Cambridge: Polity.
Luft, Rachel E., and Jane Ward. 2009. ‘Toward an Intersectionality Just Out of Reach: Confronting Challenges to Intersectional Practice.’ In Perceiving Gender Locally, Globally, and Intersectionally, edited by Vasilikie Demos and Marcia Texler Segal, 9–37. Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Luna, Zakiya. 2016. ‘“Truly a Women of Color Organization”: Negotiating Sameness and Difference in Pursuit of Intersectionality.’ Gender & Society 30 (5): 769–790.
Lutz, Helma. 2015. ‘Intersectionality as Method.’ DiGeSt. Journal of Diversity and Gender Studies 2 (1–2): 39–44.
Lyle, Timothy S. 2015. ‘An Interview with Janet Mock.’ Callaloo 38 (3): 502–508.
Macpherson, William. 1999. The Stephen Lawrence Inquiry Report of an Inquiry by Sir William Macpherson of Cluny .London: Home Office.
Maes, Eva Luna, and Petra Debusscher. 2022. ‘The EU as a Global Gender Actor: Tracing Intersectionality in the European Gender Action Plans for External Relations 2010–2025.’ Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society: jxac046. https://doi.org/10.1093/sp/jxac046
Manuel, Tiffany. 2006. ‘Exploring the Possibilities for a Good Life: Exploring the Public Policy Implications of Intersectionality Theory.’ In Intersectionality and Politics: Recent Research on Gender, Race and Political Representation in the United States, edited by Carol Hardy-Fontana, 173–203. USA: The Haworth Press.
Marchetti, Kathleen. 2014. ‘Crossing the Intersection: The Representation of Disadvantaged Identities in Advocacy.’ Politics, Groups, and Identities 2 (1): 1–16.
Marchetti, Kathleen. 2015. ‘Consider the Context: How State Policy Environments Shape Interest Group Advocacy.’ State and Local Government Review 47 (3): 155–169.
Marchetti, Kathleen. 2019. ‘Intersectional Advocacy and Policy making Across US States’. In The Palgrave Handbook of Intersectionality in Public Policy, edited by Olena Hankivsky and Julia S. Jordan-Zachery, 451–470. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Marchetti, Sabrina, Daniela Cherubini, and Giulia Garofalo Geymonat. 2021.Global Domestic Workers: Intersectional Inequalities and Struggles for Rights. Bristol: Bristol University Press.
Mason, Jennifer. 2006. Six Strategies for Mixing Methods and Linking Data in Social Science Research ESRC National Centre for Research Methods NCRM Working Paper Series 4/06. Manchester: ESRC National Centre for Research Methods.
May, Vivian M. 2015. Pursuing Intersectionality, Unsettling Dominant Imaginaries. New York: Routledge.
Mayblin, Lucy, and Andri Soteri-Proctor. 2011. ‘The Black Minority Ethnic Third Sector: A Resource Paper.’ June. http://tsrc.ac.uk/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=LQmEkNIkNtQ%3d&tabid=500
McCabe, Angus, Jenny Phillimore, and Lucy Mayblin. 2010. ‘“Below the Radar” Activities and Organisations in the Third Sector: A Summary Review of the Literature.’ http://epapers.bham.ac.uk/796/
McCabe, Leah. 2023. ‘An Intersectional Analysis of Contestations within Women’s Movements: The Case of Scottish Domestic Abuse Policy making.’ Policy & Politics (published online ahead of print). https://doi.org/10.1332/03055736Y2023D000000021
McCall, Leslie. 2005. ‘The Complexity of Intersectionality.’ Signs 30 (3): 1771–1800.
McConkey, Jane. 2004. ‘Knowledge and Acknowledgement: “Epistemic Injustice” as a Problem of Recognition.’ Politics 24 (3): 198–205.
McIntosh, Peggy. 1998. ‘White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack.’ In Re-Visioning Family Therapy: Race, Culture, and Gender in Clinical Practice, edited by Monica McGoldrick, 147–152. New York: Guilford Press.
McKinnon, Rachel, and Adam Sennet. 2017. ‘Survey Article: On the Nature of the Political Concept of Privilege.’ Journal of Political Philosophy 25 (4): 487–507.
Meer, Nasar. 2017. ‘What Will Happen to Race Equality Policy on the Brexit Archipelago? Multi-Level Governance, “Sunk Costs” and the “Mischief of Faction”.’ Journal of Social Policy 46 (4): 657–674.
Meer, Nasar. 2019. ‘Race Equality Policy Making in a Devolved Context: Assessing the Opportunities and Obstacles for a “Scottish Approach”.’ Journal of Social Policy 49 (2): 233–250.
Meer, Nasar. 2022. The Cruel Optimism of Racial Justice. Bristol: Policy Press.
Meer, Nasar, and Tariq Modood. 2014. ‘Cosmopolitanism and Integrationism: Is British Multiculturalism a “Zombie Category”?’ Identities 21 (6): 658–674.
Mendez, Matthew S. 2018. ‘Towards an Ethical Representation of Undocumented Latinos.’ PS: Political Science & Politics 51 (2): 335–339.
Menon, Nivedita. 2015. ‘Is Feminism about “Women”? A Critical View on Intersectionality from India.’ Economic and Political Weekly 50 (17): 37–44.
Mills, Charles W. 2017a. Black Rights/White Wrongs: The Critique of Racial Liberalism. Oxford. Oxford University Press.
Mills, Charles W. 2017b. ‘Racial Exploitation.’ In Black Rights/White Wrongs: The Critique of Racial Liberalism, 114–136. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Mills, Helen. 2009. Policy, Purpose and Pragmatism. London: Centre for Crime and Justice Studies, King’s College.
Mirza, Heidi Safia. 1997. Black British Feminism: A Reader. London: Routledge.
Mohanty, Chandra Talpade. 2003. Feminism without Borders: Decolonizing Theory, Practicing Solidarity. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Mohanty, Chandra Talpade. 2013. ‘Transnational Feminist Crossings: On Neoliberalism and Radical Critique.’ Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 38 (4): 967–991.
Moraga, Cherríe, and Gloria Anzaldúa, eds. 1983. This Bridge Called My Back: Writings by Radical Women of Colour, second edition. New York: Kitchen Table Press.
Mügge, Liza, Celeste Montoya, Akwugo Emejulu, and S. Laurel Weldon. 2018. ‘Intersectionality and the Politics of Knowledge Production.’ European Journal of Politics and Gender 1 (1–2): 17–36.
Nash, Jennifer C. 2019. Black Feminism Reimagined: After Intersectionality. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Nash, Jennifer C., and Samantha Pinto. 2023. ‘Introduction: Accompanying Intersectionality.’ In The Routledge Companion to Intersectionalities, edited by Jennifer C. Nash and Samantha Pinto, 1–10. London: Routledge.
National Equality Partnership. 2008. Supporting Equality Groups: An Overview of Support to the Diverse Third Sector in England. London: Women’s Resource Centre.
Northamptonshire Rights and Equality Council. 2012. Equality Duties Audit: Public Authorities in Northamptonshire Relating to the Publication of Information and Setting Equality Objectives. Northamptonshire: Northamptonshire Rights & Equality Council.
Opportunity Agenda, The. 2017. Ten Tips for Putting Intersectionality into Practice. New York: The Opportunity Agenda. https://opportunityagenda.org/sites/default/files/2017-06/Intersectionality-into-Practice-Edits 05.30.17.pdf
O’Thomson, Jess. 2023. ‘The EHRC Wants to Redefine Sex. Here’s What it Means for Trans People.’ Open Democracy. www.opendemocracy.net/en/5050/ehrc-equality-act-trans-rights-sex-definition-legal-biological/
Parken, Alison. 2010. ‘A Multi-Strand Approach to Promoting Equalities and Human Rights in Policy Making.’ Policy & Politics 38 (1): 79–99.
Parken, Alison, and Hannah Young. 2008. Facilitating Cross Strand Working. Wales: Equality and Human Rights Commission and Welsh Assembly Government.
Phillips, Anne. 1995. The Politics of Presence. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Phipps, Alison. 2016. ‘Whose Personal Is More Political? Experience in Contemporary Feminist Politics.’ Feminist Theory 17 (3): 303–321.
Pitkin, Hanna Fenichel. 1967. The Concept of Representation .Berkeley: University of California Press.
Prior, Lindsay. 2003. Using Documents in Social Research. London: SAGE.
Puar, Jasbir. 2013. ‘“I Would Rather Be a Cyborg than a Goddess”: Intersectionality, Assemblage, and Affective Politics.’ Meritum, Revista de Direito Da Universidade FUMEC 8 (2).
Raha, Nat. 2017. ‘Transfeminine Brokenness, Radical Transfeminism.’ South Atlantic Quarterly 116 (3): 632–646.
Refugee Action. 2023. ‘Facts About Refugees’. London: Refugee Action. www.refugee-action.org.uk/about/facts-about-refugees/
Resolution Foundation. 2023. ‘Costly Differences: Living Standards for Working-age People with Disabilities.’ London: Resolution Foundation. www.resolutionfoundation.org/publications/costly-differences/
Roberts, Dorothy, and Sujatha Jesudason. 2013. ‘Movement Intersectionality: The Case of Race, Gender, Disability, and Genetic Technologies.’ Du Bois Review 10 (2): 313–328.
Rodriguez, Jenny K., Evangelina Holvino, Joyce K. Fletcher, and Stella M. Nkomo. 2016. ‘The Theory and Praxis of Intersectionality in Work and Organisations: Where Do We Go from Here?’ Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 23 (3): 201–222.
Saward, Michael. 2006. ‘The Representative Claim.’ Contemporary Political Theory 5 (3): 297–318.
Saward, Michael. 2009. ‘Authorisation and Authenticity: Representation and the Unelected.’ Journal of Political Philosophy 17 (1): 1–22.
Schatzki, Theodore. 2001. ‘Practice Mind-ed Orders.’ In The Practice Turn in Contemporary Theory, edited by Karin Knorr Cetina, Theodore R. Schatzki, and Eike von Savigny. London: Routledge.
Scholz, Sally J. 2008. Political Solidarity. University Park: Penn State University Press.
Scott, James C. 1990. Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Scott-Dixon, Krista. 2006. Trans/Forming Feminisms: Trans/Feminist Voices Speak Out. Canada: Sumach Press.
Scottish Government. 2003. ‘Equality Proofing Budget Seminar.’ Minutes. 10 February. www.gov.scot/Publications/2003/02/16316
Scottish Government. 2010. ‘Equality Statement Scotland’s Budget 2011–12.’ 17 November. www.gov.scot/Publications/2010/11/17115419/0
Scottish Government. 2011. ‘Equality Statement Scottish Spending Review 2011 and Draft Budget 2012–13.’ 21 September. www.gov.scot/Publications/2011/09/26110945/26
Scottish Government. 2013a. ‘Scottish Government Equality Outcomes.’ 7 March. www.gov.scot/Topics/People/Equality/EqualityOutcomes
Scottish Government. 2013b. ‘Rights to Reality: A Framework of Action for Independent Living in Scotland 2013 to 2015.’ 15 October. www.gov.scot/Publications/2013/10/1226
Scottish Government. 2014. ‘Equality Evidence Strategy 2014.’ 13 February. www.gov.scot/Topics/People/Equality/Equalities/EqualFramework/ equalityevstrategy2014
Scottish Government. 2016a. CEMVO Consultation Response Public Sector Equality Duty Amendment Regulations 2016. Edinburgh: Scottish Government.
Scottish Government. 2016b. ‘Race Equality Framework for Scotland 2016–2030.’ 21 March. www.gov.scot/Publications/2016/03/4084
Scottish Government. 2016c. ‘EQIA Public Sector Equality Duty Amendment Regulations 2016.’ 23 March. www.gov.scot/Publications/2016/03/9832/1
Scottish Government. 2017a. ‘Race Equality Framework Implementation Approach.’ 23 February. www.gov.scot/Publications/2017/02/7935
Scottish Government. 2017b. ‘Equality Outcomes and Mainstreaming Report 2017.’ 30 April. www.gov.scot/Publications/2017/04/4384
Scottish Government. 2018. ‘Fairer Scotland Duty – Interim Guidance for Public Bodies.’ 27 March. www.gov.scot/Publications/2018/03/6918
Sen, Gita, Aditi Iyer, and Chandan Mukherjee. 2009. ‘A Methodology to Analyse the Intersections of Social Inequalities in Health.’ Journal of Human Development and Capabilities 10 (3): 397–415.
Serano, Julia. 2007. Whipping Girl: A Transsexual Woman on Sexism and the Scapegoating of Femininity. Emeryville, CA: Seal Press.
Serano, Julia. 2013. Excluded: Making Feminist and Queer Movements More Inclusive. Berkeley, CA: Seal Press.
Shakespeare, Tom, Lisa I. Iezzoni, and Nora E. Groce. 2009. ‘Disability and the Training of Health Professionals.’ The Lancet 374 (9704): 1815–1816.
Sharpe, Christina Elizabeth. 2014. ‘Black Studies: In the Wake.’ The Black Scholar 44 (2): 59–69.
Sharpe, Christina Elizabeth. 2016. In the Wake: On Blackness and Being. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Siddique, Haroon. 2023. ‘NGOs, MPs and Academics Call for Withdrawal of UK’s Illegal Migration Bill.’ The Guardian, 28 March. www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/mar/28/ngos-mps-and-academics-call-for-withdrawal-of-uks-migration-bill
simpkins, reese. 2016. ‘Trans*feminist Intersections.’ TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly 3 (1–2): 228–234.
Siow, Orly. 2023. ‘What Constitutes Substantive Representation, and Where Should We Evaluate It?’ Political Studies Review 21 (3): 532–538.
Small, Sika Valery. 1994. From Arts to Welfare. London: Sia.
Smith, Valerie. 1998. Not Just Race, Not Just Gender: Black Feminist Readings. New York: Routledge.
Smooth, W. 2006. ‘Intersectionality in Electoral Politics: A Mess Worth Making.’ Politics & Gender, 2 (3): 400–414.
Socialist Feminist Network. 2019. ‘Socialfeminist.network: A Network of Social Feminists.’ https://web.archive.org/web/20190506203903/https://www.Socfem.Net/
Solanke, Iyiola. 2011. ‘Infusing the Silos in the Equality Act 2010 with Synergy.’ The Industrial Law Journal 40 (4): 336–358.
Solanke, Iyiola. 2021. ‘The EU Approach to Intersectional Discrimination in Law.’ In The Routledge Handbook of Gender and EU Politics, edited by Gabriele Abels, Andrea Krizsán, Heather MacRae, and Anna van der Vleuten, 93–104. London: Routledge.
Spillers, Hortense J. 1987. ‘Mama’s Baby, Papa’s Maybe: An American Grammar Book.’ Diacritics 17 (2): 65–81.
Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty. 2003. ‘Can the Subaltern Speak?’ Die Philosophin 14 (27): 42–58.
Squires, Judith. 2008a. ‘Intersecting Inequalities: Reflecting on the Subjects and Objects of Equality.’ Political Quarterly 79 (1): 53–61.
Squires, Judith. 2008b. ‘The Constitutive Representation of Gender: Extra-Parliamentary Re-Presentations of Gender Relations.’ Representation 44 (2): 187–204.
Squires, Judith. 2009. ‘Intersecting Inequalities: Britain’s Equality Review.’ International Feminist Journal of Politics 11 (4): 496–512.
Stanley, Liz. 2016. ‘Archival Methodology inside the Black Box.’ In The Archive Project: Archival Research in the Social Sciences, edited by Niamh Moore, Andrea Salter, Liz Stanley, and Maria Tamboukou, 33–68. London: Routledge.
Strolovitch, Dara Z. 2006. ‘Do Interest Groups Represent the Disadvantaged? Advocacy at the Intersections of Race, Class, and Gender.’ Journal of Politics 68 (4): 894–910.
Strolovitch, Dara Z. 2007. Affirmative Advocacy: Race, Class, and Gender in Interest Group Politics. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Stryker, Susan, and Talia M. Bettcher. 2016. ‘Introduction Trans/Feminisms.’ TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly 3 (1–2): 5–14.
Sudbury, Julia. 1998. ‘Other Kinds of Dreams’: Black Women’s Organisations and the Politics of Transformation, first edition. London: Routledge.
Sullivan, Shannon. 2017. ‘On the Harms of Epistemic Injustice: Pragmatism and Transactional Epistemology.’ In The Routledge Handbook of Epistemic Injustice, edited by Ian James Kidd, José Medina, and Gaile Pohlhaus Jr, first edition, 205–212. London: Routledge.
Terriquez, Veronica, Tizoc Brenes, and Abdiel Lopez. 2018. ‘Intersectionality as a Multipurpose Collective Action Frame: The Case of the Undocumented Youth Movement.’ Ethnicities 18 (2): 260–276.
Tilly, Charles, and Sidney G. Tarrow. 2007. Contentious Politics. London: Paradigm Publishers.
Tomlinson, Barbara. 2013a. ‘Colonizing Intersectionality: Replicating Racial Hierarchy in Feminist Academic Arguments.’ Social Identities 19 (2): 254–272.