May 2022 onwards | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 1619 | 1619 | 141 |
Full Text Views | 62 | 62 | 29 |
PDF Downloads | 69 | 69 | 29 |
EPUB Downloads | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Gender-based violence is a rampant problem in Latin American countries. Historically, state policy to prevent and sanction it has developed slowly, usually having limited impact because of a lack of resources and political will. While the process of policy adoption involved feminist organizations and international norms diffusion, little is known about when and why policy to address gender-based violence can become a political priority. Based on a comparative case study of Peru and Argentina, we show that sustained mass mobilization was the key variable marking a turning point in both countries in state capacity building in that domain. The latter was importantly enhanced as a consequence of the Ni Una Menos protests. Through process-tracing analysis, we show that there was a substantial increase in state resources and personnel, as well as institutional innovation. This transformation occurred in response to the unprecedented mass mobilization of various sectors of society.
Alín, P. (2024) Mapa del aborto en México: estados que han despenalizado la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo, https://elpais.com/mexico/2024-11-08/mapa-del-aborto-en-mexico-estados-que-han-despenalizado-la-interrupcion-voluntaria-del-embarazo.html#?rel=mas (Accessed: 8 November 2024).
Amengual, M. (2016) Politicized Enforcement in Argentina: Labor and Environmental Regulation, Cambridge University Press.
Arce, M. and Aurazo, R. (2024) Protesting in good and bad times: Peru, 1980–2015, in M. Arce and T. Wada (eds) Popular Politics and Protest Event Analysis in Latin America, The University of New Mexico Press, pp 138–63, doi: 10.2307/jj.15478378.8
BBC News Mundo (2019) Condenan a 11 años a la expareja de Arlette Contreras, la mujer agredida brutalmente por su novio en un hotel y cuyo caso se convirtió en un emblema de la violencia de género en Perú, July 9, www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-48922685 (Accessed: 9 July 2019).
Beer, C. (2017) Left parties and violence against women legislation in Mexico, Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society, 24(4): 511–37, doi: 10.1093/sp/jxx017
Bohn, S. (2020) National law and territorialized public policy goods: the violence against women law in Brazil, in J. Vickers, J. Grace and C.N. Collier (eds) Handbook on Gender, Diversity and Federalism, Edward Elgar Publishing, pp 227–44.
Brinks, D.M. and Botero, S. (2014) Inequality and the rule of law: ineffective rights in Latin American democracies, in D.M. Brinks, M. Leiras and S. Mainwaring (eds) Reflections on Uneven Democracies: The Legacy of Guillermo O’Donnell, Johns Hopkins University Press, pp 214–39.
Brinks, D.M., Levitsky, S. and Murillo, V. (2019) Understanding Institutional Weakness. Power and Design in Latin American Institutions, Cambridge University Press.
Consejo Federal de las Mujeres (2024) Informe de Relevamiento Sobre la Institucionalidad de Género a Nivel Federal, Internal Document, Subsecretary on Protection Against Gender-Based Violence, Federal Council of Women, August 20.
Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación-Argentina (2015) Informe del registro nacional de femicidios de la justicia argentina (RNFJA), www.csjn.gov.ar/omrecopilacion/omfemicidio/homefemicidio.html.
Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación-Argentina (2018) Informe del registro nacional de femicidios de la justicia argentina (RNFJA), www.csjn.gov.ar/omrecopilacion/omfemicidio/homefemicidio.html.
Daby, M. and Moseley, M. (2022) Feminist mobilization and the abortion debate in Latin America: lessons from Argentina, Politics & Gender, 18(2): 359–93.
Daby, M. and Moseley, M. (2023) Mobilizing for Abortion Rights in Latin America, Cambridge University Press, doi: 10.1017/9781009452724
Defensoría del Pueblo (2018) Reporte del Plan Nacional Contra la Violencia de Género 2016–2021. Avances en su Implementación Durante el Año 2017, Defensoría del Pueblo.
De Souza, N.M.F. and Rodrigues Selis, L.M. (2022) Gender violence and feminist resistance in Latin America, International Feminist Journal of Politics, 24(1): 5–15, doi: 10.1080/14616742.2021.2019483
Fernández Anderson, C. (2020) Fighting for Abortion Rights in Latin America: Social Movements, State Allies and Institutions, Routledge, doi: 10.4324/9780429340499
Fernández Anderson, C. (2022) Legalising abortion in Argentina: social movements and multi-party coalitions, Journal of Politics in Latin America, 14(2): 143–65.
Fowks, J. (2016) Perú dice «Ni una menos», Nueva Sociedad, August, https://nuso.org/articulo/peru-dice-ni-una-menos/.
Franceschet, S. (2010) Explaining domestic violence policy outcomes in Chile and Argentina, Latin American Politics and Society, 52(3): 1–29, doi: 10.1111/j.1548-2456.2010.00088.x
Friedman, E.J. (2009) Re(gion)alizing women’s human rights in Latin America, Politics & Gender, 5(3): 349–75, doi: 10.1017/s1743923x09990171
Friedman, E.J. and Rodríguez Gustá, A.L. (2023) “Welcome to the revolution”: promoting generational renewal in Argentina’s Ni Una Menos, Qualitative Sociology, 46(June): 1–33, doi: 10.1007/s11133-023-09530-0
Gianella, C. (2022) When winning in the courts is not enough. Abortion and the limits of legal mobilization without grassroots involvement in Peru, in S. Botero, D. Brinks and E.A. Gonzalez-Ocantos (eds) The Limits of Judicialization. From Progress to Backlash in Latin America, Cambridge University Press, pp 66–88.
Hochstetler, K. and Friedman, E.J. (2008) Can civil society organizations solve the crisis of partisan representation in Latin America?, Latin American Politics and Society, 50(2): 1–32, doi: 10.1111/j.1548-2456.2008.00011.x
Htun, M. and Jensenius, F. (2020) Aspirational laws as weak institutions legislation to combat violence against women in Mexico, in D. Brinks, S. Levitsky and V. Murillo (eds) The Politics of Institutional Weakness in Latin America, Cambridge University Press, pp 141–60.
Htun, M. and Weldon, S. (2018) The Logics of Gender Justice: State Action on Women’s Rights around the World, Cambridge University Press.
Iguiñiz Boggio, N. (2018) Ni Una Menos. Política y ciudadanía, Tarea, 96: 76–81, https://tarea.org.pe/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Tarea96_76_Natalia_Iguiniz.pdf.
Illbele, F. (2020) “¿No vamos a levantar la voz? Nos están matando”: el tuit que no fue viral pero que marcó un antes y un después, infobae, June 3, www.infobae.com/sociedad/2020/06/03/no-vamos-a-levantar-la-voz-nos-estan-matando-el-tuit-que-no-fue-viral-pero-que-marco-un-antes-y-un-despues/ (Accessed: 3 June 2020).
INEI (Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática Peru) (2020) El 57,7% de las mujeres fue víctima de violencia psicológica, física y/o sexual por parte del esposo o compañero en el año 2019, https://m.inei.gob.pe/prensa/noticias/el-577-de-las-mujeres-fue-victima-de-violencia-psicologica-fisica-yo-sexual-por-parte-del-esposo-o-companero-en-el-ano-2019-12237/ (Accessed: 8 June 2020).
Instituto Nacional de la Administración Pública (2021) Informe Trimestral de Empleo Público, 4(1), https://publicaciones.inap.gob.ar/index.php/ITEP/issue/view/148.
Instituto Nacional de las Mujeres (2019) Informe de Gestión 2016–2019 INAM—Instituto Nacional de las Mujeres, Buenos Aires, www.argentina.gob.ar/sites/default/files/informegestioninam2016-2019.pdf.
Lamas, M. (2021) Feminism in Mexico City, in S. Bohn and C. Levy (eds) Twenty-First Century Feminismos. Women’s Movements in Latin America and the Caribbean, McGill-Queen’s University Press, pp 25–47.
LATFEM (2017) Argentina: un femicidio cada 30 horas en 2016, https://latfem.org/argentina-un-femicidio-cada-30-horas-en-2016/#:~:text=La%20estad%C3%ADstica%20da%20cuenta%20del,las%20ni%C3%B1as%2C%20adolescentes%20y%20adultas (Accessed: 1 March 2017).
Levitsky, S. and Murillo, M.V. (eds) (2006) Argentine Democracy: The Politics of Institutional Weakness, Pennsylvania State University Press.
Lopreite, D. (2015) Gender policy in Argentina after neo-liberalism: opportunities and obstacles for women’s rights, Latin American Perspectives, 42(1): 64–73, doi: 10.1177/0094582X13492709
Lopreite, D. and Orsino, S. (2018) La Historia del Instituto Nacional de las Mujeres (INAM): Antecedentes, Análisis y Balance (1983–2017), Documento de Trabajo INAM, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Lopreite, D. and Rodríguez Gustá, A.L. (2021) Feminismo de Estado en la Argentina democrática (1983–2021): ¿Modelo aspiracional o realidad institucional?, Revista SAAP, 15(2): 287–311, doi: 10.46468/rsaap.15.2.A2
Macassi, I. and Casaverde, M. (2003) Informe 2003: Violencia Familiar, Violencia Sexual, Aborto, Derechos Reproductivos, Centro de la Mujer Peruana Flora Tristán.
Mazur, A. and McBride, D. (2023) Do feminist insiders matter? Progress in conceptualization and comparative theory-building, in M. Sawer, L.A. Banaszak, J. True and J. Kantola (eds) Handbook of Feminist Governance, Edward Elgar Publishing, pp 63–75.
Medie, P.A. and Walsh, S.D. (2021) International organizations, nongovernmental organizations, and police implementation of domestic violence policies in Liberia and Nicaragua, Politics & Gender, 17(1): 136–66, doi: 10.1017/s1743923x19000515
Mejía, M. (2018) A fin de año se aprobará Política nacional de igualdad de género, Agencia Andina, July 28, https://andina.pe/agencia/noticia-a-fin-ano-se-aprobara-politica-nacional-igualdad-genero-719197.aspx.
Menjívar, C. and Diossa-Jiménez, L. (2023) Blocking the law from within: familyism ideologies as obstacles to legal protections for women in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua, Latin American Research Review, 58(3): 501–18, doi: 10.1017/lar.2022.72
Ministerio de Economia y Finanzas-Peru (2018) Supreme decree N.° 192-2018-EF, www.gob.pe/institucion/mef/normas-legales/200966-192-2018-ef (Accessed: 20 August 2018).
Ministerio de Justicia y Derechos Humanos-Peru (2018) Legislative decree Nº 1368—decreto legislativo que crea el sistema nacional especializado de justicia para la protección y sanción de la violencia contra las mujeres e integrantes del grupo familiar, https://spij.minjus.gob.pe/spij-ext-web/#/detallenorma/H1212691 (Accessed: 27 July 2018).
Ministerio de la Mujer y Poblaciones Vulnerables-Peru (2018) Supreme decree DS-006-2018-MIMP, www.gob.pe/institucion/mimp/normas-legales/178239-006-2018-mimp (Accessed: 2 August 2018).
Ministerio de la Mujer y Poblaciones Vulnerables-Peru (2024) Centro Emergencia Mujer Implementados-Enero 2024, https://portalestadistico.aurora.gob.pe/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/CEM-Implementados-enero-2024-2.pdf (Accessed: 11 March 2025).
Ministerio del Interior-Peru (2020) Nuevo Centro de Emergencia Mujer en comisaría de Maranga reforzará lucha contra violencia de género, www.gob.pe/institucion/mininter/noticias/301007-nuevo-centro-de-emergencia-mujer-en-comisaria-de-maranga-reforzara-lucha-contra-violencia-de-genero (Accessed: 8 September 2020).
Morán, J.M. and Vaggione, J.M. (2022) El activismo neoconservador en Argentina: entre la religión, el secularismo y la racionalidad neoliberal, in K. Bárcenas (ed) Movimientos Antigénero en América Latina: Cartografías del Neoconservadurismo, Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, pp 77–116.
Muñoz, F. (2019) Ni Una Menos, más allá de la marcha, el campo en disputa, Discursos Del Sur, 4: 9–24.
Nijensohn, M. (2022) Precarity and counter-hegemonic articulation: from the massification of feminisms toward a radical and plural feminism, International Feminist Journal of Politics, 24(1): 133–52, doi: 10.1080/14616742.2021.2022986
O’Brien, C. and Walsh, S. (2020) Women’s rights and opposition: explaining the stunted rise and sudden reversals of progressive violence against women policies in contentious contexts, Journal of Latin American Studies, 52(1): 107–31, doi: 10.1017/S0022216X19000956
Perfil (2016) Quiénes son las periodistas que impulsaron #NiUnaMenos, www.perfil.com/noticias/sociedad/quienes-fueron-las-periodistas-que-impulsaron-niunamenos-20160603-0051.phtml (Accessed: 3 June 2016).
Piscopo, J., Thomas, G., Siavelis, P. and Hinojosa, M. (2024) Lessons from a late adopter: feminist advocacy, democratizing reforms, and gender quotas in Chile, Journal of Politics in Latin America, 16(1): 3–26, doi: 10.1177/1866802X231210568
Poder Judicial-Peru (2018) Administrative resolution Nº 136-2018-P-CE-PJ, https://busquedas.elperuano.pe/dispositivo/NL/1692259-1 (Accessed: 12 September 2018).
Ponce de León, Z. and García Ayala, L. (2019) Perú 2018: la precariedad política en tiempos de Lava Jato, Revista de Ciencia Política, 39(2): 341–65, doi: 10.4067/s0718-090x2019000200341
Pribble, J. (2011) Worlds apart: social policy regimes in Latin America, Studies in Comparative International Development, 46(2): 191–216, doi: 10.1007/s12116-010-9076-6
PuntoEdu (2016) Instituto de Opinión Pública PUCP publica la encuesta nacional “Roles y Violencia de Género,” https://puntoedu.pucp.edu.pe/noticia/instituto-de-opinion-publica-pucp-publica-la-encuesta-nacional-roles-y-violencia-de-genero/ (Accessed: 2 December 2016).
Republic of Argentina (2020) Gabinete nacional para la transversalización de las políticas de género DCTO-2020-680-APN-PTE, https://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/340000-344999/341154/norma.htm.
Republic of Argentina (2021) Consejo federal para la prevención y el abordaje de femicidios, travesticidios y transfemicidios DCTO-2021-123-APN-PTE – Creación, https://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/345000-349999/347256/norma.htm.
Republic of Peru (2018) Comisión de Emergencia encargada de proponer acciones para la protección, prevención y atención de casos de violencia contra la mujer Resolución Suprema Nº 129-2018-PCM, https://busquedas.elperuano.pe/dispositivo/NL/1657622-2.
Restrepo Sanín, J. (2023) Women’s empowerment and fight against violence in Latin America, Current History, 122(841): 43–8, doi: 10.1525/curh.2023.122.841.43
Rodríguez Gustá, A.L. (2021) Women’s policy agencies and government ideology: the divergent trajectories of Argentina and Brazil, 2003–2019, International Feminist Journal of Politics, 23(4): 625–47, doi: 10.1080/14616742.2021.1957975
Rodríguez Gustá, A.L., Madera, N. and Caminotti, M. (2017) Governance models of gender policy machineries under left and right governments in Latin America, Social Politics, 24(4): 452–80, doi: 10.1093/sp/jxx015
Roggeband, C. (2016) Ending violence against women in Latin America: feminist norm setting in a multilevel context, Politics & Gender, 12(1): 143–67, doi: 10.1017/s1743923x15000604
Rousseau, S. (2020) Antigender activism in Peru and its impact on state policy, Politics & Gender, 16(1): 25–32, doi: 10.1017/S1743923X20000070
Rousseau, S., Dargent, E. and Escudero, A. (2018) Rutas de Atención Estatal a las Víctimas de Violencia de Género. Entre Legados e Innovaciones, Consorcio de Investigación Económica y Social.
Salazar, E. (2018) Juez César Hinostroza creó precedente para reducir pena a violadores de menores, Ojo Público, July 26, https://ojo-publico.com/758/juez-cesar-hinostroza-creo-precedente-para-reducir-pena-violadores-de-menores.
Sawer, M. (2016) Femocrat, in A. Wong, M. Wickramasinghe, R. Hoogland and N.A. Naples (eds) The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Gender and Sexuality Studies, John Wiley & Sons, doi: 10.1002/9781118663219.wbegss047
Smulovitz, C. (2015) Legal inequality and federalism: domestic violence laws in the Argentine provinces, Latin American Politics and Society, 57(3): 1–26, doi: 10.1111/j.1548-2456.2015.00277.x
Weldon, S.L. and Htun, M. (2013) Feminist mobilisation and progressive policy change: why governments take action to combat violence against women, Gender & Development, 21(2): 231–47, doi: 10.1080/13552074.2013.802158
Yañez, G. and Dador, J. (1998) La Violencia Contra la Mujer: Aplicación de la Ley de Violencia Familiar desde una Perspectiva de Género, Movimiento Manuela Ramos.
Yeatman, A. (1990) Bureaucrats, Technocrats, Femocrats. Essays on the Contemporary Australian State, Routledge.
May 2022 onwards | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 1619 | 1619 | 141 |
Full Text Views | 62 | 62 | 29 |
PDF Downloads | 69 | 69 | 29 |
Institutional librarians can find more information about free trials here