‘Motherhood’, as opposed to ‘fatherhood’, has always been deemed to be something undisputable and certain, and as such, it is considered the main pillar of the institution of the family. There are texts throughout history, however, from the most ‘sacred’ (The Old Testament) to the most profane (contemporary television dramas), that dispute this certainty, thereby opening up the ‘self-evidentary’ nature of the family to critical scrutiny. ‘Motherhood’ is three different things at the same time (genetic, birth and nurturing), and as social and cultural structures get more and more complex, and new biotechnologies develop, these three will grow apart from each other. As things stand, the biological/genetic roots of motherhood (and hence the family) are becoming more and more questionable and insignificant. Furthermore, the cultural/nurturing function of the family is almost ripe to be assumed by networks of chosen human relationships in the near future, in which motherhood becomes a function to be fulfilled by any human being willing to do it, regardless of genetics and gender.
Baron-Cohen, S. (2003) The essential difference: The male and female brain, New York, NY: Basic Books.
Brecht, B. (1966) The Caucasian chalk circle, translated by E. Bentley, New York, NY: Grove Press.
Brecht, B. (2015) The Augsburg chalk circle, In J. Willett and R. Mannheim (eds) The collected short stories of Bertolt Brecht, London: Bloomsbury.
Brecht, B. (1983) The good woman of Setzuan; in Two plays by Bertolt Brecht, Revised English versions by Eric Bentley, New York: Meridian Classic.
Cheng, Y., Chou, K.H., Decety, J., Chen, I.Y., Hung, D., Tzeng, O.J. and Lin, C.P. (2009) Sex differences in the neuroanatomy of human mirror-neuron system: a voxel-based morphometric investigation, Neuroscience, 158(2): 713–20. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.10.026
Cheng, Y., Lee, P.-L., Yang, C.-Y., Lin, C.-P., Hung, D. and Decety, J. (2008) Gender differences in the mu rhythm of the human mirror-neuron system, PLoS ONE, 3(5): e2113.
Cheng, Y.W., Tzeng, O.J., Decety, J., Imada, T. and Hsieh, J.C. (2006) Gender differences in the human mirror system: a magnetoencephalography study, Neuroreport, 17: 1115–19. doi: 10.1097/01.wnr.0000223393.59328.21
Haraway, D.J. (2016) Staying with the trouble: Making kin in the Chthulucene, Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press.
Lacan, J. (1998) The Seminar of Jacques Lacan. On Feminine Sexuality: The Limits of Love and Knowledge. Book XX: Encore 1972-1973, in J, Alain-Miller (ed) Tr. Bruce Fink. NY & London: W.W. Norton & Company.
Marx, K. (1976) Capital, Vol 1, London: Lawrence and Wishart.
Marx, K. (1978) Theses on Feuerbach, In R. Tucker (ed), The Marx-Engels reader, 2nd edn, New York, NY: W.W. Norton and Co, pp. 143–5.
Qianfu, L. (2001) The chalk circle, translated by E. van der Veer, Cambridge, Ontario: Parentheses Publications.
Recalcati, M. (2019) The mother’s hands: Desire, fantasy and the inheritance of the maternal, translated by A. Kilgariff, Cambridge: Polity Press.
The Jataka, Vol. VI (1907) Mahaushadha, In The Maha-Ummaga Jataka (546/5), translated by E.B. Cowell and W.H.D. Rouse, http://www.sacred-texts.com/bud/j6/j6012.htm
The Old Testament, I Kings, 3: 16–27.
May 2022 onwards | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 182 | 118 | 18 |
Full Text Views | 5 | 0 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 5 | 0 | 0 |
Institutional librarians can find more information about free trials here