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This book collection presents a distinctive spatial interpretation of ‘hate’, a term increasingly dominant in policy and academic study to describe prejudice and discrimination, and harassment and violence, towards members of marginalized social groups. Although the geographies of hate incidents have been documented, there has been limited study of the role of place and space in the construction, circulation and lived experience of hateful actions. This collection seeks to broaden the examination of hate from a commonly singular focus on hate crime, to consider the social and relational, spatial and structural, contexts and situations, through which hate is produced, experienced and responded to. The contributors are drawn from across a range of disciplines, including geography, criminology, sociology and youth work. They explore hate through a range of lenses, including systemic, institutional, discursive, criminal/legal, material, atmospheric and emotional. Contributors consider dimensions of hate in relation to specific and intersectional communities including, ‘race’ and religion, sexuality, gender and transgender identities, Gypsy and Traveller identities, disability and social class. The chapters in the collection are organized into three themes, to address different aspects of the landscapes of hate: considering and critiquing the concept of ‘hate’; experiences of hate in a range of contexts and everyday spaces; and different responses to hate.
Providing a much-needed perspective on exclusion and discrimination, this book offers a distinct geographical approach to the topic of hate studies.
Of interest to academics and students of human geography, criminology, sociology and beyond, the book highlights enduring, diverse and uneven experiences of hate in contemporary society. The collection explores the intersecting experiences of those targeted on the basis of assumed and historically marginalised identities.
It illustrates the role of specific spaces and places in shaping hate, why space matters for how hate is encountered and the importance of space in challenging cultures of hate. This analysis of who is able to use or abuse space offers a novel insight into discourses of hate and lived experiences of victimisation.
This chapter explores connections between visibility and situated vulnerability for those targeted on the basis of identities of ‘race’ and faith, sexuality, transgender and disability. The chapter argues that who or what becomes hyper-visible and subject to the harms of hate is produced by more than representational visibility or markers of embodied difference. Using the concept of the social materiality of space, the chapter examines how hyper-visibility is produced through the material and symbolic association of particular sites with marginalized groups. Through examples of the mosque, the gay scene and the home, the chapter considers the ways in which material spaces stand in for, are associated with and produce hyper-visible bodies. The chapter also reflects on efforts to navigate and contest harms of hate, including re-working meanings associated with particular material environments.
