11 TWO The EU response Introduction The European Union has long been preoccupied with the fear of falling ever further behind the economies of the United States and east Asia. During the 1980s the main barrier to European economic development was seen as being the fragmentation of different national markets: the response was the drive to create a Single Market, a project which was in principle at least to be completed by 1992 (Cecchini, 1988). With a single home market, European enterprises would, it was hoped, be able to operate on a scale to match their
69 CHAPTER FOUR Shaping policy in the Eu introduction Policymaking in the EU is concerned with the development and implementation of treaties and other intergovernmental agreements. Like other member states, the UK is part of this strategic decision- making and policy agenda-setting process. The final decisions on treaties are made by member states in the European Council of Ministers, which has a rotating chair, or through co-decision between the Council of Ministers and the European Parliament. The areas of co-decision have increased in each treaty
15 TWO The history of UK–EU relations Introduction An understanding of Brexit first requires an understanding of the organisation the UK is exiting from. This chapter briefly explains why the EU was founded, what its main institutions are, what it has developed into in terms of a political and economic union, and what it does. The chapter then turns to the history of Britain’s part in the EU. Relations have not always been smooth, with Britain being labelled an ‘awkward partner’ as a result of a number of factors, such as its late membership. At the same
How has the Brexit vote affected EU migrants to the UK?
This book presents a female Polish perspective, using findings from research carried out with migrants interviewed before and after the Brexit vote – voices of real people who made their home in the UK. It looks at how migrants view Brexit and what it means for them, how their experiences compare pre- and post-Brexit vote, and their future plans, as well as considering the wider implications of the migrant experience in relation to precarity and the British paid labour market.
197 Taking forward the EU Social Inclusion Process SIX Taking forward the EU Social Inclusion Process In Chapter 2, we described the new context within which the Social Inclusion Process is now being taken forward. Alongside the new Lisbon governance cycle launched in 2005, there will be a simplification and streamlining of the reporting mechanisms under the Open Method of Coordination on social protection and social inclusion (European Commission, 2005h, 2005i, and 2005l; Social Protection Committee and Economic Policy Committee, 2006). Separate reporting will
331 Policy & Politics • vol 43 • no 3 • 331-47 • © Policy Press 2015 • #PPjnl @policy_politics Print ISSN 0305 5736 • Online ISSN 1470 8442 • http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/030557315X14351553104423 article Governing EU employment policy: does collaborative governance scale up? Eva Sørensen, eva@ruc.dk Roskilde University and University in Nordland, Denmark Peter Triantafillou, triant@ruc.dk Bodil Damgaard, bodam@ruc.dk Roskilde University, Denmark In the European Union (EU), employment policy is a prerogative of the member states. Therefore the EU’s ability to
21 CHAPTER TWO Governing EU employment policy: does collaborative governance scale up? Eva Sørensen, Peter Triantafillou and Bodil Damgaard Introduction What role does collaborative governance play in transnational governance processes? With few exceptions (Bohman, 2005; Slaughter, 2002; de la Porte and Natali, 2009) the bulk of the collaborative governance literature focuses on local governance (Gray, 1989; Hirst, 1994; Fung and Wright, 2003; Ansell and Gash, 2008). However, an increasing amount of research on multi-level governance in the European Union
59 Exploring statistics on poverty and social exclusion in the EUpage 59 THREE Exploring statistics on poverty and social exclusion in the EU Member States have so far made use of the commonly agreed indicators to quite varying degrees. While many countries did use indicators to provide a description of the state of affairs with regard to poverty and social exclusion, these descriptions were not, on the whole, integrated into the central part of the NAPs/inclusion, which deals with the strategic approach to combating poverty and social exclusion. One of the
237 The EU and social inclusion: facing the challenges SEVEN The EU and social inclusion: facing the challenges At the March 2000 European Council in Lisbon, the EU committed to taking steps “to make a decisive impact on the eradication of poverty”. At their 2005 Spring Summit in Brussels, EU leaders stressed that “it is essential to relaunch the Lisbon Strategy without delay and re-focus priorities on growth and employment”; they also reaffirmed that “social inclusion policy should be pursued by the Union and by Member States”. And one year later, in March 2006
Building on Chapter 2 , which demonstrated how the EU has gradually developed more coordinated foreign policy positions over time, this chapter focuses on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and other crises on the modes of operation of the EU. It addresses relations with the UN in this context and offers an evaluation of enhanced European integration efforts in the area of fiscal and macroeconomic coordination. To gauge the strength of the EU as a regional partner to the UN, the chapter analyses developments within the EU by comparing the effects of the EU
