197 Structural adjustment and mass poverty in Ghana EIGHT Structural adjustment and mass poverty in Ghana Kwabena Donkor Introduction1 The 1980s witnessed the phenomenon of Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs) imposed on the African continent with widespread repercussions. By 1993, at least 40 of the 56 countries of Africa were involved in one or another of these programmes. Structural Adjustment Programmes of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) have transformed the realism, if not the interpretation, of Afr ican political and social
51 Key words costs • cost adjustement • systematic review • decision models © The Policy Press • 2010 • ISSN 1744 2648 re se ar ch A web-based tool for adjusting costs to a specific target currency and price year Ian Shemilt,1 James Thomas and Marcello Morciano Objective: To develop a web-based tool to automate the adjustment of estimates of costs drawn from previously published or unpublished studies to a specified target currency and price year. Methods: A web-based tool was programmed using C#, utilising GDP deflator index values and Purchasing Power
, adapting to changes in working time and shifts. This demanded a great deal of effort in terms of reconciliation of their professional and personal lives. Moreover, due to the nature of care jobs – often characterised by poor working conditions, low wages and atypical shift times – working time reductions and reschedules may have had specific effects. The objective of this article is to explore the impact of time adjustments on home care providers and on frontline care workers. The focus on temporality pertains to different aspects. First, I examine the changes that
epidemiologist Anders Tegnell in this respect. Domestic conflicts persisted but were also mediated by the high level of transparency in public matters and ongoing inquiries into responsibility. In terms of policy, the overall stability should lend further support to the fact that a search for natural herd immunity was not the principal factor underlying the Swedish approach in the longer run. There were indeed important legal and practical adjustments to the policies and legal framework, but recommendations and trust continued to play a key role, while elementary schools and
The Local Government Act 2000 has transformed the way in which local politics operates within local authorities. Local councillors have had to adjust to the introduction of elected mayors, cabinet government and scrutiny committees, and cope with a range of other new initiatives. This book is a unique attempt to provide a coherent analysis of the impact of these changes on the world of local politics.
The book provides a comprehensive review of the operation of politics in local government, including the impact of national and local political parties on the behaviour of party groups in local authorities, the way party groups interact with each other, the changing role of local political leadership and the relationship of local politicians with senior council officers.
The changing role of local politics in Britain Is essential reading for undergraduate and postgraduate students and their teachers on local government, politics, public policy and public administration courses, as well as officers in local authorities who wish to gain a deeper understanding of the political environment in which they work.
countries? Methods The present study draws on qualitative data from semi-structured interviews with 42 parents of preschool-aged children in Sweden and the UK. While each country study was designed independently, both studies targeted parents –mothers and fathers – of preschool children. Both studies focused on work–family issues such as parental leave, working time-adjustments, and daycare decisions and, importantly, both included an in-depth examination of the usage of family policy entitlements. The Swedish sample (20) consists of ten mothers and ten fathers
Drawing on detailed qualitative research, this timely study explores the experiences of fathers who take on equal or primary care responsibilities for young children.
The authors examine what prompts these arrangements, how fathers adjust to their caregiving roles over time, and what challenges they face along the way.
The book asks what would encourage more fathers to become primary or equal caregivers, and how we can make things easier for those who do. Offering new academic insight and practical recommendations, this will be key reading for those interested in parenting, families and gender, including researchers, policymakers, practitioners and students.
Cities play a major role in tackling the COVID-19 pandemic as many measures are adopted at the scale of cities and involve adjustments to the way urban areas operate.
Drawing from case studies across the globe, this book explores how the pandemic and the policies it has prompted have caused changes in the ways cities function. The contributors examine the advancing social inequality brought on by the pandemic and suggest policies intended to contain contagion whilst managing the economy in these circumstances.
Offering crucial insights for reforming cities to be more resilient to future crises, this is an invaluable resource for scholars and policy makers alike.
The main objective of this edited volume is to explore the motivations, decision making processes, and consequences, when older people consider or accomplish return migration to their place of origin; and also to raise the public policy profile of this increasingly important subject. The book examines in detail a range of themes affecting return migrations, including: family ties, obligations and their emotive strengths; comparative quality, and cost, of health and welfare provision in host and home countries; older age transitions and cultural affinity with homeland; and psychological adjustment, belonging and attachment to place.
