Key messages This study provides the profile and objectives of the PERSIAN Birth Cohort ongoing in five cities in Iran. This cohort is one of the first longitudinal studies on the developmental origins of health and disease in the Middle East and North Africa. It aims to evaluate the effects of gene–environment interactions on pregnancy outcomes and on mother and child mental and physical health. The cohort aims to assess the life course establishment of risk factors of non-communicable diseases. Introduction The global prevalence of chronic non
different types of child maltreatment and long-term outcomes, further investigation is warranted ( Baumeister et al, 2016 ; Bunting et al, 2018 ; Jakubowski et al, 2018 ). Rather than examine life-course trajectories from specific child maltreatments in a new original study, we provide an overview of several existing studies on the association between maltreatment and later outcomes within a British cohort, the ‘1958 birth cohort’. With their rich information base, cohorts are currently the best study design available to track childhood exposures and pathways to adult
Key messages: We review birth cohort studies to examine teen mothers’ life course outcomes. Birth cohort studies are longitudinal studies that follow people from birth who were born within the same time frame. The effects of teen mothering on outcomes diminished when strong controls adjusted for selection bias. Childhood disadvantage showed greater influence on teen mothering in more recent cohorts. Since the 1970s, when pregnant teens in the US and other high-income countries began to keep and raise their children as single parents, researchers
289© Policy Press • 2013 • ISSN 2046 7435 Key words grandparents as carers • life histories and social change • growing up in Ireland • secondary analysis Families, Relationships and Societies • vol 2 • no 2 • 2013 • 289–98 http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/204674313X667768 Young grandchildren and their grandparents: a secondary analysis of continuity and change across four birth cohorts Jane Gray, Ruth Geraghty and David Ralph This article examines the changing texture of intergenerational relationships in Ireland. Focusing on the young child as ‘anchor’ generation
equivalence in the groups of interest is analogous to differential measurement error (Armstrong, 1998 ), as group membership directly influences measurement error in the outcome. In this paper, we capitalise on the data available in two nationally representative birth cohorts, the National Child Development Study (NCDS, the 1958 birth cohort) and the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70), to the best of our knowledge conducting the first prospective investigation of the measurement properties of mental health assessments with the longest follow-up to date. The inclusion of
testing multiple life course models simultaneously. This structural approach of analysis has been applied to many other studies ( Murray et al, 2015 ; Smith et al, 2015 ; Kröger et al, 2016 ; Murray et al, 2016 ). Using data from the Uppsala Birth Cohort Multigenerational Study (UBCoS Multigen), we expand and update Mishra et al’s (2013) study to investigate whether the effect of SEP on all-cause mortality in old age accumulates over the life course or if some periods of the life course are more important than others. We extend this previous study by (1
‘policy focusing on improving the well-being of families is certain to benefit development’ (United Nations, 2010 ). At the global level, there is a need for more research on the family, with the recognition that family policy requires adaptation to the different contexts and countries in which it will be implemented. This study seeks to contribute to this research literature on family and its role in health behaviour by focusing on alcohol involvement in two generations of the Joint Child Health Project (JCHP), a longitudinal birth cohort study on the East African
://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/vsob1/marriages-in-england-and-wales--provisional-/2012/stb-marriages-in-england-and-wales--provisional---2011.html#tab-Age-at-Marriage . Pickard , L. ( 2015 ) A growing care gap? the supply of unpaid care for older people by their adult children in England to 2032 , Ageing & Society , 35 ( 1 ): 96 – 123 . doi: 10.1017/S0144686X13000512 Power , C. and Elliott , J. ( 2005 ) Cohort profile: 1958 British birth cohort (National Child Development Study) , International Journal of Epidemiology , 35 ( 1 ): 34 – 41 . doi: 10.1093/ije/dyi183 Raleigh , V
the relation of lifestyle-related patterns (involving diet, alcohol and physical activity) with cancer. Therefore, in women from the 1958 British birth cohort, the objectives of the present study were (1) to investigate the relationship between nutritional lifestyle patterns and cancer occurrence and (2) to examine the confounding effect of social determinants from early life to adulthood in the relationship between nutritional lifestyle patterns and cancer. Methods Data are from the 1958 National Child Development Study (NCDS), which included all live births
Over the last fifty years women’s employment has increased markedly throughout developed countries. Women of younger generations are much more likely than their mothers and grandmothers to enter the labour market and stay in it after they marry and have children. Are these changes due only to changes in women’s investments and preferences, or also to the opportunities and constraints within which women form their choices? Have women with higher and lower educational and occupational profiles combined family responsibilities with paid work differently? And have their divisions changed?
With an innovative approach, this book compares Italy and Great Britain, investigating transformations in women’s transitions in and out of paid work across four subsequent birth cohorts, from the time they leave full-time education up to their 40s. It provides a comprehensive discussion of demographic, economic and sociological theories and contains large amounts of information on changes over time in the two countries, both in women’s work histories and in the economic, institutional and cultural context in which they are embedded. By comparing across both space and time, the book makes it possible to see how different institutional and normative configurations shape women’s life courses, contributing to help or hinder the work-family reconciliation and to reduce or reinforce inequalities.
“Women in and out of paid work” will be valuable reading for students, academics, professionals, policy makers and anyone interested in women’s studies, work-family reconciliation, gender and class inequalities, social policy and sociology.
