Charles B. Blankart* Department of Economics, Humboldt-University of Berlin, Spandauer Str. 1, 10178 Berlin Germany Popitz Law, Bryce's Law and Government Centralization in Prussia and in Germany Paper dedicated to James M. Buchanan on occasion of his 80th birthday Abstract - The historical process of government centralization in Prussia and later in Germany is confronted with the hypotheses of Popitz law and Bryce's law which both suggest a ten- dency of central governments to grow faster than lower level governments. While these 'laws' exhibit some
investment to maintain and promote a narrative of growth and development under conditions of increasing crisis. This involves capitalizing on the growing US–China rivalry to maximize the range of infrastructure finance available, while also building on legacies of state centralization that pre-date (but have been further strengthened by) Chinese support for infrastructure construction and finance in recent decades. In this chapter, we argue that Ethiopia has received so much finance from China (both before and after the announcement of the BRI) partly because of
Gian Luigi Albano Head of Research Unit, Consip S.p.A., via Isonzo 19/e, and Professor, Scuola Nazionale deH'Ammini- strazione, via dei Robilant, Rome - Italy On the Problem of Quality Enforcement in Centralized Public Procurement Abstract - Demand aggregation is widely recognized as a efficiency-enhancing solution in public procurement. The technique of framework agreements represents possibly the most effective solution to struck a balance between contract standardization and customization. Central purchasing organizations in many countries are
, 2015 , p 192; Salamey, 2014 , p 152). At the same time, a centralized system of governance constrains the municipalities’ abilities to act locally, particularly through a lack of funds, personnel, and capacities ( Salamey, 2014 , p 152). Municipalities work under close control by higher authorities and ultimately the Ministry of Interior and Municipalities and the central government. Most local projects are managed by the central administration, through the Ministry of Interior and Municipalities or government agencies such as the Council for Development and
The COVID-19 pandemic has left inequalities in schools wider and uncertainty about the future greater. Now seems an appropriate time to think about the contribution schooling makes to the communities it serves and the country generally.
However, drawing on his recent research, Richard Riddell argues that the increasingly narrow focus of Education governance after 20 years of reform has made new thinking impossible and has degraded public life.
Nevertheless, he highlights new possibilities for democratic behaviour and the opening up of schooling to all it serves.
167 ELEVEN Regeneration partnerships under New Labour: a case of creeping centralisation Jonathan S. Davies Introduction During the 1990s, ‘local governance’ became the dominant paradigm through which local political processes are studied. The concept of local governance acknowledges that local government is no longer the dominant institution in local politics (see Chapter Seven). Rather, it is one organisation among many collaborating in a complex framework of governing (John, 1997, p 253). Within the local governance debate, there has been considerable
Introduction China’s 1995 Budget Law requires subnational governments (SNGs) to maintain balanced budgets and forbids them from borrowing in the capital market. However, borrowing can generate substantial benefits. For example, it permits tax smoothing, as emphasised by Barro (1979) . It also adds flexibility to finance beneficial long-term investments. In order for SNGs to obtain the benefits of borrowing while complying with the Budget Law, China practically centralised subnational debt in 2009. In this article, ‘debt centralisation’ means that the
3 BEHIND CLOSED DOORS: Further education, centralisation and the Youth Training Scheme Brian Walker This article attempts to analysethe policy formulation in respectof the two-year YTS, highlighting the exclusivity of the process despite an apparent high profile pluralist approach. The alleged politicisation of the Manpower Services Commission appeared to generate this policy myopia and at the sametime enableda large degreeof central government control of education, particu- larly the LEA Further Education sector, whose work has shifted as a result from a broad
The French Regional Reforms of July 1972: a Case of Disguised Centralisation? Vincent Wright and Howard Machin The latest stage in the process of regionalisation in France was introduced by the law of 5 July 1972 and later completed by the three decrees of 5 September 1973. The defenders of the law claim that it is likely to have far reaching consequences in strengthening decision making at the regional level: as such, it should constitute a significant step in the process of administrative and economic decentralisation. Those who attack the law - and they
195 Getting a policy to ‘stick’: centralising control of social rent setting in England Alex Marsh and Bruce Walker English The attempts of English central government to control the rents that social housing landlords set for individual properties offer a fruitful example of the role that context and content play in shaping policy implementation. Since the early 1970s there have been three initiatives to assert greater central control over this policy variable. Using a modified version of the conceptual framework proposed by van Meter and van Horn (1975), this
