RESEARCH ARTICLE Cooperation in adversity: an evolutionary approach John Lazarus Centre for Behaviour and Evolution, Institute of Neuroscience, Henry Wellcome Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK ABSTRACT Throughout the organic world cooperation provides mutual benefit but is vulnerable to exploitation from free-riders. Over the last 30 years work in evolutionary biology and game theory has provided understanding of the conditions necessary for the maintenance of cooperation, and advances in gene-culture coevolution theory have extended this
, wellbeing as the realisation of directions, conflict as problematic relating, and cooperation as healthy relating – can be mapped from the intrapersonal to the interpersonal plane. Along the way, I will be introducing some well-established interpersonal theories – Basic Human Needs theory, preference utilitarianism, and game theory – that evidence and support these parallels. Such an analysis, I hope, will be of considerable value to progressives, and this is for two reasons. First, it provides compelling support for a progressive perspective, because it shows that the
This timely analysis of security in Europe identifies the factors that enable and hinder the creation of networks of defence cooperation across the continent.
Going beyond regional arrangements established by NATO and the European Union, the book considers the sub-regional level by focusing on bilateral and minilateral defence collaborations. It provides a new conceptual framework to assess the rationales, leadership and the complex dynamics within these alliances, and highlights how they shape and interact with NATO and EU initiatives.
Defence cooperation does not exist in a vacuum, and several structural and situational factors are needed to establish a multinational defence cooperation (MDC) successfully. This book uses three cases to demonstrate the dynamics behind the creation of three defence collaborations in Europe: 1) the Nordic Defence Cooperation (NORDEFCO) in 2009; 2) the British–French Lancaster House Treaties in 2010; and 3) the Central European Defence Cooperation (CEDC) in 2011. The first half of this chapter introduces the case studies and explains how they were selected
[T]he major conclusion in the literature [is] that direct and sustained relationships between researchers and policymakers are the optimal method for promoting the use of research in policy-making . French ( 2019 : 163), from his wide-ranging review of the evidence-based policy literature Making the most of cooperation research for social policy For millennia we have persecuted outsiders. For centuries communities have degraded the environment. For decades, the temperature at the surface of the earth has been rising dangerously due to human activity. As
Introduction Evolutionary frameworks do provide some guiding principles behind human decision-making, which is absent from most of the models used to inform public health policy. ( Arnot et al, 2020 : 265) There are multiple definitions of cooperation. In his introductory article for this issue, Lazarus ( 2020 : 3) summarises cooperation as being ‘an action that benefits another individual or social group with either a benefit or cost to the actor’. Many have investigated the different drivers of self-interested versus cooperative behaviours and the social
Multinational Defence Cooperation (MDC) is part of the everyday life of European armed forces. It has become such a natural and self-evident phenomenon for European military personnel and policymakers that they do not even think about its causes any more although it shapes almost every aspect of defence. MDCs have a massive effect on the defence policies, force structures, capability development plans and defence industrial considerations of individual European states. This is reflected in the strategic documents of European countries and the fact that they do
Dalibor Rohac St Antony's College, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6JF - UK Emergence of Cooperation in Public Goods Problems Abstract - In this paper, we discuss several issues related to public goods provision. Unlike many Austrians, we do not think that the concept of public goods - or of collective action - is an inherently flawed idea, even though we reject the alleged welfare implications of public goods theory, as proposed by orthodox public finance literature. W e then argue that the structure of a generic public goods problem is more a game of chicken
247 15 The Renewal of State‒Citizen Cooperation Henry Tam When the gap widens between those who have the power to rule and the people they are meant to serve, it becomes ever more likely that the errors of the former will persist, while their prejudices will remain unchallenged. And their abuse of power will seldom, if ever, be overturned. Even those with benign intentions may end up pushing misconceived policies as no one is in a position to secure a change of direction. As for those who have primarily taken power to advance their private gains, the less
