91 FIVE Micro-geography of segregation: evidence from historical US census data Antonio Páez, Fernando A. López Hernández, Manuel Ruiz and John Logan Introduction Segregation, the preferred or imposed separation of individuals in space and/or time, is a phenomenon observed for several traits of self-identity and labelling, including ethnicity, language, religion and economic status. Urban segregation is as old as the history of cities, with evidence indicating that it was practised in such disparate places as Hellenistic Babylon, circa 300 BC (van der
17 ONE Historical perspectives Introduction As context matters, a cross-national European study of the meanings of the concept of citizenship must, first of all, take the distinctive historical backgrounds into account. Understandings of citizenship have not only changed over the course of time, but its multifaceted, different meanings also reflect both varied political and social histories and legal traditions and cultures in the respective European countries. When, in this chapter, special attention is paid to legal traditions and cultures as characteristic of
37 THREE Analysing teacher education policy: comparative and historical approaches Moira Hulme Introduction In the past decade, as we have seen in the previous two chapters, teacher education has assumed greater significance in global education policy (OECD, 2011a, 2011b; Asia Society, 2013; World Bank, 2013). Strategies to improve education outcomes have increasingly focused on improving teachers’ learning, leading to national reviews of teacher education. A repertoire of global reforms has sought to increase control over teachers’ work and performance
15 Thinking historically about integration ONE Thinking historically about integration David Gladstone Introduction Exactly 40 years ago, in 1963, the Ministry of Health of Macmillan’s Conservative government produced its Health and Welfare White Paper (Ministry of Health, 1963). Its significance lay in its subtitle: the development of community care. Together with the Hospital Plan of the preceding year, it refocused the objectives and activities both of hospital care within the NHS and services for adults provided by the local authority health and welfare
Overview This chapter focuses on Taiwan in historical perspective. The goal is to review the most important aspects of the evolution of Taiwanese identity, cross-Strait relations, the rise of China, the role of the US, and how these matters are connected to each other. These lines of inquiry capture the essential components for an account of the likely pathway for cross-Strait relations, which in turn obviously have reverberations that further impact on cause and effect within the regional system of Northeast Asia and even beyond. Thus, emphasis is placed
39 THREE the historical context introduction This chapter explores historical debates. An extensive literature exists outlining serious theoretical and methodological debates and disagreements. A ‘bottom-up’ perspective from a variety of sources has sought to point out the exclusions of the ‘great White men’ view of history, which are so often dominant. Poststructuralists such as Scott (1992) have questioned whether there are transparent stories from those previously excluded, which are awaiting excavation and, indeed, whether concepts developed in one era
ARTICLE Neoliberalism as a historical stage Kojin Karatani Independent Scholar, Japan ABSTRACT Orthodox Marxist historical materialisms have viewed the history of social formations one-sidedly from the mode of production as base, which over-determines the political, ideological superstructure. In contrast, this article proposes an augmentation of historical materi- alism which has as its determinative base the mode of exchange. Specifically, through a lens of exchange, a spatial and territorial element is brought to an analysis and historicizing of imperialism
Part One Historical and cross-national perspectives
Any account of devolution in the UK since 1997 must start by providing some important preliminary contexts to analysis. This chapter is concerned with three. First, devolution across the UK was a hugely significant political event, which can only really be appreciated by placing it into historical context. Accordingly, section one fulfils the initial responsibility to briefly outline the historical background of the UK state, the nations that have composed it as a territorial union, and previous debates about self-government and devolution. Second, devolution
