83 FOUR Neighbourhoods The previous chapter considered the relationship between people and their homes. But of course people’s lives reach outside their houses and are partly played out in the neighbourhood around them. The apocryphal estate agent’s mantra that the three most important factors in a house are ‘location, location and location’ highlights that houses are in part used as staging posts for our life outside. People leave their house to earn money, to use local facilities such as shops and doctors’ surgeries, and to visit leisure and
Jobs and enterprise are critical to creating viable neighbourhoods. Yet much recent policy activity aimed at the regeneration of deprived neighbourhoods has had only a marginal impact on the economic challenges presented by areas of concentrated disadvantage.
This book directly addresses the economic development issues central to neighbourhood renewal, drawing on the authors’ original research and wide-ranging analysis of recent academic theory and policy practice. Their critical examination of the economic problems of deprived areas, and the range of employment and enterprise-related policy initiatives and governance arrangements that have attempted to address them, offers informed insights into what does and what does not work.
Through its topical focus on issues of work and enterprise in deprived neighbourhoods, “Renewing neighbourhoods" goes to the heart of much current policy practice that seeks to combine concerns of economic competitiveness with those of social exclusion. It will be essential reading for academics, practitioners and policy makers working in the fields of urban regeneration, neighbourhood renewal and local and regional economic development. It will also be a key text for students of urban studies, planning, social policy, human geography and related disciplines.
Many western nations have experienced a rise in the number of marginalised and deprived inner-city neighbourhoods. Despite a plethora of research focused on these areas, there remain few studies that have sought to capture the ‘optimality’ of ageing in place in such places. In particular, little is known about why some older people desire to age in place despite multiple risks in their neighbourhood and why others reject ageing in place. Given the growth in both the ageing of the population and policy interest in the cohesion and sustainability of neighbourhoods there is an urgent need to better understand the experience of ageing in marginalised locations.
This book aims to address the shortfall in knowledge regarding older people’s attachment to deprived neighbourhoods and in so doing progress what critics have referred to as the languishing state of environmental gerontology. The author examines new cross-national research with older people in deprived urban neighbourhoods and suggests a rethinking and refocusing of the older person’s relationship with place. Impact on policy and future research are also discussed.
This book will be relevant to academics, students, architects, city planners and policy makers with an interest in environmental gerontology, social exclusion, urban sustainability and design of the built environment.
Governments around the world are seeing the locality as a key arena for effecting changes in governance, restructuring state/civil society relations and achieving sustainable growth. This is the first book to critically analyse this shift towards localism in planning through exploring neighbourhood planning; one of the fastest growing, most popular and most contentious contemporary planning initiatives.
Bringing together original empirical research with critical perspectives on governance and planning, the book engages with broader debates on the purposes of planning, the construction of active citizenship, the uneven geographies of localism and the extent to which power is actually being devolved. Setting this within an international context with cases from the US, Australia and France the book reflects on the possibilities for the emergence of a more progressive form of localism.
Neighbourhood planning offers a critical analysis of community-based planning activity in England, framed within a broader view of collaborative rationality and its limits. From the recent experience of drawing up parish plans, and attempts to connect these to formal policy frameworks, it identifies lessons for future planning at the neighbourhood scale. It is not a manual on community planning practice, nor does it provide a formula for producing parish or neighbourhood plans. But in the context of the latest ‘localism’ agenda in England it, first, examines the potential contribution of neighbourhood planning to building a ‘collaborative democracy’ and, second, asks how much movement towards genuine local partnership, and consensus around development decisions, can be achieved through the rescaling of ‘statutory’ planning as opposed to expending greater effort locally on building stronger relationships, and generating trust, between ‘people and planning’
The past three decades have seen an international ‘turn to participation’ – letting those who will be affected by neighbourhood planning outcomes play an active role in decision-making – but there is widespread dissatisfaction with actual instances of citizen-state engagement.
This innovative analysis brings theory, research and practice together and gives insights into how and why citizen voices either become effective or get excluded. Using ethnographic data to illustrate a wide range of participatory and localist governance practices and social movements, the book concludes with recommendations to re-invigorate community involvement in planning.
Introduction Gentrification as a concept has not been easy to define. The concept was first introduced by sociologist Ruth Glass in 1964 to describe “working class quarters [that] have been invaded by the middle class” ( 1964 : xvii). Glass first defined gentrification as a process of change in the social structure of deprived working-class neighborhoods due to the moving in of middle- and upper-class citizens, and the subsequent requalification of the housing stock and displacement of incumbent residents. I notice her use of the same words used by E
. Thus, Hispanic students are not as segregated from non Hispanic white students as Black students are. The race of students matters in terms of which district they attend school. White students attend districts that are ranked higher in terms of test scores and resources received from the State of Michigan than districts attended by Black and Hispanic students. Since students must attend school districts where they live and white students are more likely to live in neighborhoods with school districts that are higher in socioeconomic characteristics compared to Black
eIGHT Neighbourhood governance and diversity: the diverse neighbourhood Yasminah Beebeejaun and Lucy Grimshaw The British, Indian and colonial people must face those problems together as partners.… But if this is to be achieved, the British people will have to learn far more about the Empire than they consent to do now. (Campbell, 1945, p 8; emphasis in original) Introduction A widespread recognition of the diversity of the society in which we live has raised concerns, among politicians and professionals alike, that we are drifting towards becoming a
, neighborhoods, and across different ethnic backgrounds (Hamidi et al, 2020 ; Mills et al, 2020 ). Across the globe, a key strategy to contain and mitigate the worst effects of the virus has been through halting or limiting mobility through ‘lockdowns’. #Staysafe #stayhome public health messaging appeared across print, social, and broadcast media in many countries. Given the short timeframes to assess impact, less attention has been paid in the academic literature to date on the differential impacts of public health restrictions to contain the virus on particular groups
