Based on unprecedented empirical research conducted with lower levels of the Afghan police, this unique study assesses how institutional legacy and external intervention, from countries including the UK and the US, have shaped the structural conditions of corruption in the police force and the state.
Taking a social constructivist approach, the book combines an in-depth analysis of internal political, cultural and economic drivers with references to several regime changes affecting policing and security, from the Soviet occupation and Mujahidin militias to Taliban religious police.
Crossing disciplinary boundaries, Singh offers an invaluable contribution to the literature and to anti-corruption policy in developing and conflict-affected societies.
Austerity was presented as the antidote to sluggish economies, but it has had far-reaching effects on jobs and employment conditions.
With an international team of editors and authors from Europe, North America and Australia, this illuminating collection goes beyond a sole focus on public sector work and uniquely covers the impact of austerity on work across the private, public and voluntary spheres.
Drawing on a range of perspectives, the book engages with the major debates surrounding austerity and neoliberalism, providing grounded analysis of the everyday experience of work and employment.
Relentlessly, the wide health gap between different groups of people living in Britain continues to get even wider. This book presents new evidence (which was not available to the government’s Independent Inquiry into Inequalities in Health) on the size of the gap, and the extent to which the gap is widening. In particular, new geographical data are presented and displayed in striking graphical form.
It challenges whether the government is concerned enough about reducing inequalities and highlights the living conditions of the million people living in the least healthy areas in Britain. It presents explanations for the widening health gap, and addresses the implications of this major social problem. In the light of this evidence the authors put forward social policies which will reduce the health gap in the future.
The widening gap synthesises all the information available to date and should be read alongside the report of the evidence presented to the Independent Inquiry into Inequalities in Health (Inequalities in health, The Policy Press, 1999) and by all those concerned with reducing health inequalities.
Activation policies which promote and enforce labour market participation continue to proliferate in Europe and constitute the reform blueprint from centre-left to centre-right, as well as for most international organizations. Through an in-depth study of four major reforms in Denmark and France, this book maps how co-existing ideas are mobilised to justify, criticise and reach activation compromises and how their morality sediments into the instruments governing the unemployed. By rethinking the role of ideas and morality in policy changes, this book illustrates how the moral economy of activation leads to a permanent behaviourist testing of the unemployed in public debate as well as in local jobcentres.
A quarter of century has passed since Margaret Thatcher launched one of her most controversial reforms, privately- run prisons, and the role of the private sector in delivering public services continues to be one of the big political issues of our time. This book, by a critical professional insider, re-assesses the benefits and failures of competition, how public and private prisons compare, the impact of competition on the public sector’s performance, and how well Government has managed this peculiar ‘quasi-market’.
Drawing on first person interviews with key players, including Chief Executives and prison managers in both sectors and Chief Inspectors, Julian Le Vay uses his former role as Finance Director of the Prison Service to give a wholly new analysis of comparative costs and of the impact of constant changes in competition policy. He draws out lessons from the parallel stories of the SERCO/G4S billing scandal, privately run immigration detention and the more radical approach now being taken on outsourcing probation, and looks in detail at four prisons, publicly and privately run, that ‘failed’. Concluding with a critique of the future shape of competition, he also draws some general conclusions on the way government works. This is vital reading for anyone interested in the role of competition in public services, implementation of public policy, or the state of our prisons.
159 8 Prevention strategies in Afghanistan Introduction The preceding chapter covered the practices, insights and causes of corruption, which now allows for a debate on anti-corruption strategies. The main section of this chapter covers precise procedures to curb corruption in the Afghan police. These include the MoIA internal anti-corruption strategy and vital problems with pay reform, meritocratic recruitment and stationing. Furthermore, problems with the drug trade are addressed with responses designed for law enforcement to engage in a drug
prevention strategy for the New York and New South Wales police forces. A prevention strategy to combat corruption in the police includes enforcing accountability with the aid of commissions of inquiry after a public scandal; police reform that includes institutional reform, community policing and the input of civil society organisations (CSOs); pay reform; a rotation strategy; and training. Commissions of inquiry Detection provides the details of the targets followed by an investigation prior to the final stage of sanctions, but police forces in corrupt countries
This chapter engages with the Newcastle Fairness Commission’s (NFC) report (published in 2012) which sets out the principles that would help Newcastle upon Tyne to become a fairer city. The chapter discusses the report’s vision about how salaries ought to be allocated within organisations, which it recognises as an important dimension of fairness. More specifically, the chapter considers whether or not this vision ought to guide the practical allocation of financial resources within Newcastle University which is a major employer in Newcastle upon Tyne. A system of pay reform is proposed to increase fairness within and beyond this organisation.
challenges in the field, the data aims to analyse qualitative findings on the economic determinants of everyday life. These include pay reform, salary details and the cost of living. Moreover, the data intends to examine police officers’ perceptions about patronage and corruption, which includes definitions of what corruption entails, the main causes and practices of corruption, components of an anti-corruption strategy and training. A street-intercept strategy was followed to recruit survey participants and structured interview respondents. Permission was requested
corruption in the Afghan police in particular. In relation to economic drivers, it is contended that pay reform has the latency to curb petty corruption as a means of supplementing low wages for survival, but the stationing strategy to reduce corrupt patronage webs requires revision. In relation to political drivers, patronage is engrained within recruitment processes, elders influence the selection process, internal payoffs influence senior posts and criminal groups have permeated law enforcement. The cultural drivers reveal that the Afghan police force do not
