21 TWO Changing social risks, changing risk protection? with Romke van der Veen A perusal of relevant welfare state and industrial relations literature would lead one to believe that a transformation of the welfare state, in its response to changing social risks, is highly unlikely. The stickiness of existing institutions, the varied interests of so many actors – any number of mechanisms can combine to make it difficult to respond to changing social risks. This chapter looks at what these mechanisms are and what the expectations for the response of the
21 ONE ‘Everything needs to change, so everything can stay the same’: the Italian welfare state facing new social risks Costanzo Ranci and Mauro Migliavacca Introduction Italian society is very different from what it was 20 years ago. The social risks that the Italian population faced at the beginning of the 1990s have substantially changed, though some long-standing problems – such as poverty and unemployment, which are widespread in the South – still persist today. Although the main indicators of inequality exhibited a stable trend until the explosion
431 Key words: new social risks • welfare state modernisation • post-industrial social policies Final submission 14 July 04 • Acceptance 27 July 04 The politics of the new social policies: providing coverage against new social risks in mature welfare states Giuliano Bonoli English Current socioeconomic transformations that have brought into existence post- industrial labour market and family structures are generating new social needs and demands, labelled new social risks (NSRs). These include reconciling work and family life, lone parenthood, long
185 12 Layering, social risks and manufactured uncertainties in social work in Poland1 Paweł Poławski Introduction In recent decades, active labour market reforms within the European Union have reshaped the landscape of the welfare state. The transformation has involved policy and governance reorientation. The retrenchment is understood as both cost cuts and recalibration of social support aimed at improving its economic efficiency (Pierson, 2001), limiting universal social entitlements (Taylor-Gooby, 2009), placing pressure on work-based remuneration and
rates in the UK sat well over 10% between 1992 and 2015 ( Holmes et al, 2021 ). Youth in post-industrial societies face a series of ‘new social risks’ – particularly young parents – attempting to accommodate family care roles and low-wage, insecure employment. Whereas Nordic welfare state policies help vulnerable groups actively combat risks, weaker liberal policies such as those found in the UK or US largely eschew state protections; self-reliance is emphasised to those most affected by new social risks ( Bonoli, 2007 : 497). A social risk in the British welfare
This comprehensive study provides a thorough account of important policy developments in the Netherlands that are significant beyond the borders of the Dutch welfare state. It demonstrates the dramatic changes that have taken place in the protection of old and new social risks, exploring the mechanisms behind these changes in the context of corporatist welfare state institutions. This book is essential for welfare state scholars, graduate students and policy makers.
139 SIX Transforming the Dutch welfare state This book has taken an in-depth look at social risk protection within the Dutch corporatist welfare state. The approach of this volume differs from previous studies because it has addressed the question of risk perception, relating risk perception to risk management within one welfare state. Consequently, this study has investigated within-country differences across different types of social risks, explaining changing risk perceptions and welfare state responses to different social risks. It has been assumed, in
‘new’ and ‘old’ social risk groups. The discussion of new and old social risks is often framed within a discussion of societal transformation from industrialism to post-industrialism (Taylor-Gooby, 2004), and earlier research has shown that the Nordic universalistic, service-oriented welfare states are especially well suited to handle some of these risks (Timonen, 2004). In terms of poverty, although what one should regard as new social risk categories is not totally clear-cut, certain population groups, such as immigrants, are obviously more central to the
1 ONE Introduction with Romke van der Veen This book is about the perception and management of social risks in a corporatist welfare state. Using the Netherlands as its backdrop, it provides a primarily qualitative, in-depth case study of the perception and management of different social risk forms: disability, childcare and insufficient employability. More specifically, this book deals with the perceptions of these risks by political, social and economic actors in welfare provision: political parties, state policy makers, trade unionists and employers, the
; Verbakel et al, 2017 ; UNECE, 2019 ). Some European countries have attempted to implement policies to support carers. In some countries, welfare state institutions conceive of care as a ‘form of work’, with carers in some circumstances eligible to receive pay and social security protection ( European Commission, 2021c : 88). Some authors have highlighted social risks related to these newly paid and more formalised forms of family care ( Pfau-Effinger, 2012 ; 2014 ; Rummery and Fine, 2012 ; Frericks et al, 2014 ; Bouget et al, 2017 ; Dykstra, 2019 ). Cash
